THE ILLUMINATOR

Tibetan-English
Encyclopaedic Dictionary

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སྟོད་ལས་
Transliteration: stod las
<phrase> "Higher activity" compared with སྨད་ལས་ the lower activities q.v. The feast liturgies of major yidams of the old and new translation systems have two main parts: the activity of the first or earlier section and the activity of the second or later section. The earlier section contains all of the practices done in relationship to higher or more enlightened beings and the later sectio…
ཆད་ལས་
Transliteration: chad las
<noun> "Dictate", "decree", "edict", "contract" on how things should be done. E.g., [HUC] ཁྱིམ་ན་གནས་པ་ནི་རྒྱལ་པོའི་ནན་ཏུར་བཞིན་བྱེད་པའོ། "A householder acts according to the edicts of the king."
སྟོབས་རྣམ་པ་གསུམ་
Transliteration: stobs rnam pa gsum
<phrase> "The three types of strength". Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "balaṃ trividham". Strength in the སྟོབས་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པ་ pāramitā of strength is explained as being of three types. Acc. [NDS] they are: 1) ལས་བཟློག་པར་བྱེད་པ་ "(strength at) turning away karma"; 2) ཉོན་མོངས་ཐག་བསྲིང་པར་བྱེད་པ་ "(strength at) distancing defilements"; 3) ང་རྒྱལ་དང་བག་མེད་ལ་སོགས་པ་བཟློག་པར་བྱེད་པ་ …
བྱེད་ལས་
Transliteration: byed las
<noun> 1) "Function", "use". More generally, it is the capacity for work that something has, i.e., the function that it can perform. In another sense it is the "use" of something, what it can do, what it is useful for. It can also be translated successfully by saying, "(it) operates to", e.g., བྱེད་ལས་ཁམས་གསུམ་གྱི་ཉོན་མོངས་པ་སྤོང་བ་ "it operates to abandon the afflictions of the three realm…
འཕྱ་བ་
Transliteration: 'phya ba
<verb> v.t. འཕྱས་པ་/ འཕྱ་བ་/ འཕྱ་བ་/ འཕྱོས་/. [Old] Acc. [ULS] and [LGK] this term was revised during the སྐད་གསར་བཅད་ language revisions and meant, when written in new signs, སྨོད་པ་. Also, notes that the [Old] spelling of དཔྱ་བ་ was revised during the སྐད་གསར་བཅད་ language revisions to འཕྱ་བ་.
1) The basic meaning is to put someone down verbally by ridiculing them, jeering at them, making …
འབྲིམ་པ་
Transliteration: 'brim pa
<verb> v.t. བྲིམས་པ་/ འབྲིམ་པ་/ བྲིམ་པ་/ བྲིམས་/. "To distribute", "to hand out / around", "to deal out". E.g., [TC] ཟས་བྲིམས་པ། "distributed the food"; འཁྲབ་སྟོན་ཚར་ནས་ཟློས་གར་བ་རེ་རེ་བཞིན་ལ་མེ་ཏོག་ཆུན་པོ་རེ་འབྲིམ་པ། "after the dance was over, a bouquet of flowers was handed out to each of the performers"; སློབ་གྲྭ་བ་ཚོར་དཔེ་དེབ་འབྲིམ་པ། "textbooks were distributed to the students in the i…
རྩོམ་པ་
Transliteration: rtsom pa
I. <verb> v.t. བརྩམས་པ་/ རྩོམ་པ་/ བརྩམ་པ་/ རྩོམས་/. 1) "To compose" a text. This term is used for the writing of any composition but it has the connotation of making a composition, putting words together properly, not merely of "writing" something down. E.g., [TC] གཞུང་ཆེན་རྩོམ་པ། "to compose a major text"; སྙན་ངག་བརྩམས་པ། "composed poetry". 2) "To begin", "to start", "to commence", "to set…
སྤོར་བ་
Transliteration: spor ba
<verb> v.t. སྤར་བ་/ སྤོར་བ་/ སྤར་བ་/ སྤོར་/. Intransitive form is འཕར་བ་ q.v. The basic meaning is to cause something to move up to a higher level or amount. As with the intransitive form, the verb carries the connotation not of general increase but of incremental increase. 1) "To cause something to increase". E.g., [TC] མེ་སྤར་བ་ "made the fire blaze up"; བཞུ་མར་སྤོར་བ། "made the lamp brig…
སྲིད་པ་དང་ཞི་བ་
Transliteration: srid pa dang zhi ba
<phrase> "Existence and peace" or "existence and quiescence". The pair together indicates the two possibilities of སྲིད་པ་འཁོར་བ་ "becoming / existence which is cyclic existence" and ཞི་བ་མྱང་ངན་ལས་འདས་པ་ "the peace of nirvāṇa which is beyond the misery of cyclic existence". 1) In some cases the pair simply refers to two opposite possibilities i.e., cyclic existence versus the relative peac…
སེམས་བྱུང་
Transliteration: sems byung
<noun> Translation of the Sanskrit "caitta". The original Sanskrit means exactly སེམས་ལས་བྱུང་བ་ "those things arisen from mind". Usually translated as "mental event(s)". Mind སེམས་ is defined in Abhidharma literature as being composed of principal minds which are the consciousnesses and secondary minds or mental events. In any given moment of mind, there is a གཙོ་སེམས་ principal mind and o…
ཆོས་ཀྱི་ཕྱག་རྒྱ་བཞི་
Transliteration: chos kyi phyag rgya bzhi
<phrase> "The Four Seals of Dharma". Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "catvāri dharmapadā" (note that this is the spelling as given in [NDS]). Meaning "The Four Seals of the (Buddha's) Doctrine. Usually called ལྟ་བ་བཀའ་རྟགས་ཀྱི་ཕྱག་རྒྱ་བཞི་ "the four seals which signify the view" q.v. These are four statements which, taken together provide a statement of the view of the Buddha's teaching t…
རྩ་ལྟུང་བཅོ་བརྒྱད་
Transliteration: rtsa ltung bco brgyad
<enum> "The eighteen root downfalls" of the bodhisatva vows in Nagarjuna's tradition of the vows. [JKE] gives as: 1) བདག་བསྟོད་གཞན་སྨོད་ "praising oneself and belittling others"; 2) ཆོས་ནོར་མི་སྟེར་ "not giving dharma or wealth"; 3) བཤགས་ཀྱང་མི་ཉན་པར་བརྡེག་པ་ "beating without listening to those who have laid aside"; 4) ཐེག་ཆེན་སྤོང་པ་ "abandoning the Great Vehicle"; 5) དཀོན་མཆོག་དཀོར་འཕྲོག་…
སྐྱོབ་པ་
Transliteration: skyob pa
I. <verb> v.t. བསྐྱབས་པ་/ སྐྱོབ་པ་/ བསྐྱབ་པ་/ སྐྱོབས་/. "To protect" in the sense of affording protection from any problematic circumstance. Hence "to give refuge to", "to shelter". E.g., [TC] རྒྱལ་སྐྱོབ། "protecting the kingdom"; མུ་གེ་ལས་བསྐྱབས། "protected from the famine"; སྡུག་བསྔལ་ལས་བསྐྱབས། "provided refuge from unsatisfactoriness"; འཇིགས་སྐྱོབ། "protecting from fear".
II. <noun>…
བསམ་གྱིས་མི་ཁྱབ་པ་ལྔ་
Transliteration: bsam gyis mi khyab pa lnga
<enum> "The five inconceivables". [JKE] gives as: 1) ལས་ཀྱི་རྣམ་པར་སྨིན་པ་བསམ་མི་ཁྱབ་ "the inconceivable thing of the full ripening of karma"; 2) ནོར་བུ་སྔགས་སྨན་སོགས་ཀྱི་ནུས་པ་བསམ་མི་ཁྱབ་ "... the capability of gemstones, mantra, chemical substances, and so on"; 3) རྣལ་འབྱོར་གྱི་ནུས་མཐུ་བསམ་མི་ཁྱབ་ "... the powerful capabilities of yoga"; 4) བྱང་སེམས་ཀྱི་དབང་བཅུ་བསམ་མི་ཁྱབ་ "... of the ten…
སྒྲོལ་བ་
Transliteration: sgrol ba
<verb> v.t. བསྒྲལ་བ་/ སྒྲོལ་བ་/ བསྒྲལ་བ་/ སྒྲོལ་/. Similar to འགྲོལ་བ་ q.v. but with the specific sense of actively saving (or killing). 1) "To liberate", "to release", "to save", "to deliver from (a problem)". E.g., [TC] སྲོག་གི་འཇིགས་པ་ལས་སྒྲོལ་བར་བྱེད། "to save those in fear of their lives"; བཙོན་ཁང་ལས་སྒྲོལ་བ། "to set free from a prison; ཆུ་བོ་ལས་བསྒྲལ་ཏེ་འགྲམ་ངོགས་སུ་བཏོན། "saved from …
གཏན་
Transliteration: gtan
A term that is either used alone or combined with others to provide its particular sense to the combined term. The basic meaning is something that is "not just passing", "not just temporary" and hence which is reliable, a basis which is constant, permanent, perpetual, ever-lasting.
Often used in the adverbial construction གཏན་དུ་ which is freq. abbrev. just to གཏན་; e.g., གཏན་དུ་སྡོད་ or གཏན་སྡོད་…
བརྩོན་པ་
Transliteration: brtson pa
I. <verb> v.t. བརྩོན་པ་/ བརྩོན་པ་/ བརྩོན་པ་/ བརྩོན་/. "To exert oneself", "to strive at", "to be diligent", "to pursue (diligently)". There are a few Tibetan verbs that convey the meaning of making effort or exerting oneself. Of them, this has the most general sense meaning "to rouse oneself and be diligent at some task". It is different from རྩོལ་བ་ e.g., which has a more "focussed" sense …
ལུས་པ་
Transliteration: lus pa
<verb> v.i. ལུས་པ་/ ལུས་པ་/ ལུས་པ་//. "To be left out of", "to be not included with everything else", "to be left behind". Note that this does not have the sense of being excluded intentionally but simply being left out / behind. It also comes to mean, "to be cut off from something" i.e., "to be left without". E.g., ལས་ཀ་མེད་པར་ལུས་པ། "cut off from work" i.e., "jobless"; ལྟོགས་པར་ལུས་པ། "wi…
དྲི་མ་སྦྱར་བ་ལས་བྱུང་བ་
Transliteration: dri ma sbyar ba las byung ba
<phrase> "Mixed smell" or smell arising as a combination or mixture of smells. In the definition of the objects of smell in the first aggregate of form, smell is divided into two types: དྲི་མ་ལྷན་གཅིག་སྐྱེས་པ་ unified smells and དྲི་མ་སྦྱར་བ་ལས་བྱུང་བ་ mixed smells. Mixed smells are those which have multiple smells and which are known as multiple smells.
རྒྱལ་བ་
Transliteration: rgyal ba
I. <verb> v.i. རྒྱལ་བ་/ རྒྱལ་བ་/ རྒྱལ་བ་//. "To obtain victory" hence "to be victorious", "to win", "to prevail" and in some contexts "to conquer". Opp. of འཕམ་པ་ "to be defeated", "to lose out" q.v. E.g., [TC] སུ་རྒྱལ་སུ་ཕམ་གྱི་འཐབ་འཛིང་། "a fight to see who will win and who will lose" i.e., "a fight to the end"; དགྲ་ལས་རྒྱལ་ཏེ་དགའ་སྟོན་བྱེད། "victorious over the enemy, they celebrated"; ར…
ལད་པ་
Transliteration: lad pa
<verb> v.i. ལད་པ་/ ལད་པ་/ ལད་པ་//. Transitive form is སློད་པ་ q.v. Meaning for something to be less than it could be or should be, "to be off" from the norm, "to be spoiled", "ruined". E.g., for a knife "to be blunted or dulled" when it could be sharp; for something to lack vibrancy when it could be strong and vibrant; for behaviour or bright things "to be tarnished". E.g., [TC] སྤྱོད་ཚུལ་ལ…
བསམ་གཏན་བསྒོམས་
Transliteration: bsam gtan bsgoms
<phrase> "Meditative absorption" or "meditation with absorption". For verb form see བསམ་གཏན་སྒོམ་པ་ q.v.
One definition of it is: བསམ་གཏན་བསྒོམ་ཞེས་པའི་སྒོམ་དེ་གཏད་སོ་ཅན་གཅིག་གི་ངང་འདུག་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་བསྒོམ་པ་ཡིན། ངོ་བོ་སེམས་གནས། དགོས་པ་དེ་ཉིད་བརྟན་པའི་ཐབས། བྱེད་ལས་གཟུང་འཛིན་འགོག་པ་ཡིན་ཏེ། "Meditation called 'meditative absorption' is to meditate while always staying in the state of having a singl…
འཕེར་བ་
Transliteration: 'pher ba
<verb> v.i. འཕེར་བ་/ འཕེར་བ་/ འཕེར་བ་//. For something "to be suitable, able, appropriate, and fulfilling the function required of it", "to be right for a certain task or situation". E.g., [TC] ལུས་ཁམས་ཀྱིས་ལས་དོན་འཕེར་བ། "his constitution / body was right for the job"; རང་སྐྱ་འཕེར་བ། "able to stand on its own"; བཏང་འགྲོ་བཞག་སྡོད་འཕེར་བའི་ལས་བྱེད་པ། "a worker who is good whether he is given…
བཤོལ་བ་
Transliteration: bshol ba
<verb> v.t. བཤོལ་བ་/ བཤོལ་བ་/ བཤོལ་བ་/ ཤོལ་/. 1) "To postpone" either temporarily or indefinitely and also "to defer" temporarily, "to put off". E.g., [TC] ཉིན་གསུམ་བཤོལ་བ། "to postpone for three days"; བཤོལ་ཐེབས་པ། "postponed / deferred"; ལས་འགན་བཤོལ་བ། "to defer a responsibility; ཕྱིར་འཐེན་གྱི་བཤོལ་བཏབ་ནས་ཐེབས་པ། "postponed due a request for a postponement"; བཤོལ་ཀྱང་མ་བཞུགས་པར་རང་གི་གྲོག…