THE ILLUMINATOR

Tibetan-English
Encyclopaedic Dictionary

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རྒྱུག་པ་
Transliteration: rgyug pa
I. <verb> v.t. བརྒྱུགས་པ་/ རྒྱུག་པ་/ བརྒྱུག་པ་/ རྒྱུགས་/. "To drive / send / run (in accordance with whatever means of transport is being used) in a very fast way". E.g., "to run", "to ride a horse fast", "to drive a chariot fast". Hence also "to race" not in the sense of competition but in the sense of speed. E.g., ཁོས་འཛིན་གྲྭར་རྒྱུག་འགྲོ་འདུག། "he is running to his class". E.g., [TC] མི་…
འཐོབ་པ་
Transliteration: 'thob pa
I. <verb> v.i. ཐོབ་པ་/ འཐོབ་པ་/ འཐོབ་པ་/.
1) "To get" a position or a certain status or something of value; to get something which would not normally be obtained but which requires some effort or fortune for its attainment. Therefore, although the verb "to obtain" could and has been used as a translation, it is usually more appropriate to use the verb "to attain". Hence, "to attain", "to acq…
སྦྲག་པ་
Transliteration: sbrag pa
I. <verb> v.t. སྦྲགས་པ་/ སྦྲག་པ་/ སྦྲག་པ་/ སྦྲོགས་/. 1) Meaning "to bring things together into a mutual relationship". i) "To conjoin", "to group together", "to make a set (of related things)". E.g., [TC] དོན་གནད་དེ་དག་སྦྲགས་ནས་གྲོས་བསྡུར་གྱིས་ཐག་གཅོད་དགོས། "it is necessary to decide the matter through a discussion that conjoins (takes into account / brings together) all of those key points…
བཟོད་པ་
Transliteration: bzod pa
I. <verb> v.i. བཟོད་པ་/ བཟོད་པ་/ བཟོད་པ་//. The basic meaning is "to withstand some difficulty or attack". The term is often translated as "to be patient" but in more cases than not is better translated with other terms that indicate forebearance. 1) "To bear personal pain or suffering" hence, "to bear", "to tolerate", and "to endure". E.g., [TC] ཟུག་རྔུ་ཇི་ཙམ་ཆེའང་བཟོད་ཐུབ་པ། "able to bear…
ལུས་པ་
Transliteration: lus pa
<verb> v.i. ལུས་པ་/ ལུས་པ་/ ལུས་པ་//. "To be left out of", "to be not included with everything else", "to be left behind". Note that this does not have the sense of being excluded intentionally but simply being left out / behind. It also comes to mean, "to be cut off from something" i.e., "to be left without". E.g., ལས་ཀ་མེད་པར་ལུས་པ། "cut off from work" i.e., "jobless"; ལྟོགས་པར་ལུས་པ། "wi…
ཡན་ལག་བདུན་
Transliteration: yan lag bdun
<noun> "The seven limbs / branches". The name given to a practice of pūja that contains seven parts and which is considered thereby to make a complete session of pūja / worship / offering in the Indian Mahāyāna Buddhist tradition. The practice is freq. included in Tibetan liturgies, since it is a complete practice in its own right. The practice is found in the Mahāyāna sūtra, Samantabhadra'…
ང་
Transliteration: nga
I. <consonant letter> Grammatically speaking, the fourth of the གསལ་བྱེད་སུམ་ཅུ་ thirty consonants of the Tibetan language. 1) The enunciation of the consonant is defined as having: སྐྱེ་གནས་ place of production = the throat and nose; བྱེད་པ་ producer = the throat; ནང་གི་རྩོལ་བ་ inner effort = inner connection of the throat; and ཕྱིའི་རྩོལ་བ་ outer effort = unaspirated and sounded. 2) When …
དམུ་རྒོད་
Transliteration: dmu rgod
<noun><adj> 1) A general term for beings who have not been educated and trained to a better style of behaviour and hence who are a tough and coarse in their behaviour. The term is used for a variety of degrees of uncivilized / untamed people, from someone who is a bit hard to work with and bring along all the way through someone who is completely savage because of their lack of traini…
རྡོ་རྗེ་སློབ་དཔོན་གྱི་མཚན་ཉིད་བཤད་སྐབས་ཀྱི་ནང་གི་དེ་ཉིད་བཅུ་
Transliteration: rdo rje slob dpon gyi mtshan nyid bshad skabs kyi nang gi de nyid bcu
<enum> "The ten inner attributes in the case of explaining the characteristics of a vajrāchārya (vajra master)". See དེ་ཉིད་བཅུ་ ten attributes for an overview.
[DGT] gives as: 1) ཕྱིར་ཟློག་གཉིས་ "the two exorcisms"; 2) དབང་བཞི་བསྐུར་བ་ "(the ability to give) the four empowerments"; 3) ཁ་སྦྱོར་དབྱེ་བ་; 4) གཏོར་མ་ "torma"; 5) རྡོ་རྗེའི་བཟླས་པ་ "vajra recitation"; 6) དྲག་ཤུལ་སྒྲུབ་པ་ "performi…
དབྱེ་བསྲི་མེད་པ་
Transliteration: dbye bsri med pa
<phrase> An uncommon phrase, usually seen in the <adv> form དབྱེ་བསྲི་མེད་པར་. E.g., in a quote from terma, དབྱེ་བསྲི་མེད་པའི་ཀློང་དུ་བཤགས་པར་བགྱི༔ "Laying aside is done in the expanse absent of all reservations". The term refers to holding back some kind of judgement or distinction when none is needed at all. In the case just quoted, it refers to space of realization in which no dist…
འ་
Transliteration: 'a
I. <consonant letter> The twenty-third of the གསལ་བྱེད་སུམ་ཅུ་ thirty consonants of the Tibetan language. 1) The enunciation of the consonant is defined as having: སྐྱེ་གནས་ place of production = the throat; བྱེད་པ་ producer = the throat; ནང་གི་རྩོལ་བ་ inner effort = opened larynx; and ཕྱིའི་རྩོལ་བ་ outer effort = unaspirated and sounded. 2) When used as a མིང་གཞི་ name-base, the consonant …
མཐའ་
Transliteration: mtha'
<noun> Lit. meaning the "edge" or "outer limit" of something, the term is used in many ways. Translation of the Sanskrit "anta". 1) The physical boundary of something e.g., the boundaries of a district. 2) The figurative edge, limit, outer edge; e.g., མཐའ་མེད་པ་ is to have no limit or edge, "limitless". 3) That which is at the edge and hence which borders on or bounds the inner situation. E…
རྣམ་པར་དཔྱད་པ་
Transliteration: rnam par dpyad pa
I. <verb> Past of རྣམ་པར་དཔྱོད་པ་ q.v.
II. <noun> form of རྣམ་པར་དཔྱོད་པ་. "Attribute analysis". The true noun form is written རྣམ་དཔྱོད་. It is defined as "analysis in which something has been analysed to determine what it is by examining the རྣམ་པ་ surface attributes of the thing using བློ་ rational mind to do the analysis.
Whether as a verb or noun, this term has the specific sense t…
ར་
Transliteration: ra
I. <consonant letter> The twenty-fifth of the གསལ་བྱེད་སུམ་ཅུ་ thirty consonants of the Tibetan language. 1) The enunciation of the consonant is defined as having: སྐྱེ་གནས་ place of production = the upper part of the tongue; བྱེད་པ་ producer = the upper part of the tongue and surrounding areas; ནང་གི་རྩོལ་བ་ inner effort = the tip of the tongue slightly connecting with the area above the t…
དགེ་སློང་གི་སྤང་བྱ་ལྷག་མ་བཅུ་གསུམ་
Transliteration: dge slong gi spang bya lhag ma bcu gsum
<phrase> "The thirteen remainder to be abandoned by bhikṣhus". These are the thirteen vows of the second of the five sections of a fully ordained monk's vows.
Complete breakage of any of the vows of the first section results in defeat. Complete breakage of any of the thirteen vows in this section does not result in defeat but is still a very serious offence. It is so serious that it cannot b…
ཡང་འཇུག་
Transliteration: yang 'jug
<noun> "Re-suffix" or "post-suffix". Grammar term. According to the rules of Tibetan word construction, མིང་གཞི་ the central letter around which a word is built can have single consonants added to it as prefixes, suffixes, and post-suffixes during the construction of a word. The རྗེས་འཇུག་ are a group of ten consonants selected from the total set of thirty consonants that can be used as suf…
ལྷ་
Transliteration: lha
"God", "deity", "deva", "devi", "dev". Translation of the Sanskrit "devaḥ" (male). The female form "deviḥ" is rendered into Tibetan with ལྷ་མོ་. The term was used for a variety of purposes in Indian and, following it, Tibetan cultures. In general it was used either to refer to someone much higher than oneself. This could be a being in a higher realm or could be someone of much greater power or po…
ཡོང་བ་
Transliteration: yong ba
I. <verb> v.i. ཡོང་བ་/ ཡོང་བ་/ ཡོང་བ་//. Similar to འོང་བ་. 1) "To come" not in the sense of arriving but in the sense of "coming to" or "coming towards". E.g., [TC] ཡོང་རན་པ། "ready to come"; ཡོང་ཉེ་བ། "close to coming"; ཡོང་འདོད་མེད་པ། "no desire to come"; ཡོང་ཁུལ་བྱེད་པ། "to prepare to come"; ཁོ་རང་ཡོང་དང་མི་ཡོང་། "he sometimes comes and sometimes doesn't"; གཞས་ལ་ཡོང་རྒྱུ་ཞོ་གང་། གཞས་གོས…
འབྱུང་བ་
Transliteration: 'byung ba
I. <verb> v.i. བྱུང་བ་/ འབྱུང་བ་/ འབྱུང་བ་//. This verb has many different usages but all with the essential meaning "to happen", "to come about", "to occur", "to take place". In some cases, "to arise" translates the meaning correctly. E.g., [TC] ཞལ་མཇལ་གྱི་གོ་སྐབས་འབྱུང་བ། "for an opportunity to meet in person to take place"; ལས་དོན་ལ་སྐུལ་ལྕག་ཐེབས་པ་དང་། བསམ་བློ་ལ་ཡར་ཐོན་ལྷན་ཅིག་ཏུ་བྱུང་བ…
ཤེས་པ་
Transliteration: shes pa
I. <verb> v.i. ཤེས་པ་/ ཤེས་པ་/ ཤེས་པ་//. This verb means "to know" not in the sense of rational understanding but in the sense of mere registering. Hence "to be conscious of", "to be aware of", "to know", "to cognize". For example in ངོ་ཤེས་པ་ meaning "to recognize" the verb means that "another entity is known" but does not imply any rationalization or insight into that entity.
E.g., [TC] ཆོ…
ཕུབ་མའི་ཞབས་ཀྱི་འཇབ་ཆུ་
Transliteration: phub ma'i zhabs kyi 'jab chu
<saying> "Water passing undetected beneath the hay (stack) or (pile of) straw". A saying used in Buddhist meditation instruction. In Tibetan farming culture, grain is first cut in the field, then the grain is separated from the straw, and then from the ཕུབ་མ་ chaff. When the grain grasses are first cut, they are bundled into stooks and stood up in the fields and later the straw from the har…
བ་
Transliteration: ba
I. <consonant letter> The fifteenth of the གསལ་བྱེད་སུམ་ཅུ་ thirty consonants of the Tibetan language. 1) The enunciation of the consonant is defined as having: སྐྱེ་གནས་ place of production = the lips; བྱེད་པ་ producer = the lips; ནང་གི་རྩོལ་བ་ inner effort = joining the two lips; and ཕྱིའི་རྩོལ་བ་ outer effort = unaspirated and sounded. 2) When used as a མིང་གཞི་ name-base, the consonant …
འཕུལ་བ་
Transliteration: 'phul ba
I. <verb> v.t. འཕུལ་བ་/ འཕུལ་བ་/ འཕུལ་བ་/ འཕུལ་/. Meaning "to push into something and so cause it to move". 1) There are several English terms that cover the range of connotations: "to nudge", "to shove", "to jostle", "to bump (and jar)", "to shove into". E.g., [TC] དཔུང་པས་འཕུལ་བ། "pushed / shoved with his shoulder(s)"; མི་ངན་འཕུལ་བ། "shoved away / pushed off the bad man". 2) The term also…
ཐེག་པ་དགུ་
Transliteration: theg pa dgu
<phrase> "The Nine Yānas", "The Nine Vehicles". The dharma system of the སྔ་དར་ first spread of Buddhism into Tibet, called རྙིང་མ་པ་ Nyingmapa, describes the whole Buddhist teaching as being made up of ཐེག་པ་དགུ་ nine vehicles. The nine vehicles of this system are: 1) ཉན་ཐོས་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་ [Skt. śhrāvakayāna] the hearer's vehicle; 2) རང་རྒྱལ་གྱི་ཐེག་པ་ [Skt. pratyekabuddhayāna] "the individual…