THE ILLUMINATOR

Tibetan-English
Encyclopaedic Dictionary

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སངས་རྒྱས་བསྐྱངས་
Transliteration: sangs rgyas bskyangs
<noun> Translation of the Sanskrit "buddhapalita". The name of a principal disciple of Nāgārjuna (see also ཀླུ་སྒྲུབ་ཀྱི་ཐུགས་སྲས་བདུན་ "The seven heart-sons of Nāgārjuna"). He was a great scholar who upheld ཀླུ་སྒྲུབ་ Nāgārjuna's system of Madhyamaka. He wrote a commentary on the རྩ་བ་ཤེས་རབ་ Mulaprajñā, established the system of the དབུ་མ་ཐལ་འགྱུར་བ་ Madhyamaka Prasaṅgika based on the rea…

བསྣོལ་མ་
Transliteration: bsnol ma
<noun> That which has been སྣོལ་བ་ arranged so that one thing is crossed over another q.v. E.g., ལག་པ་བསྣོལ་མ་ refers to the arms being crossed over each other in any of several ways. It usually, though not necessarily, means "criss-crossed" or "crossed over".

ཁ་དོག་གི་ཡན་ལག་བརྒྱད་
Transliteration: kha dog gi yan lag brgyad
<enum> "The eight components of colour". These are the eight visual appearances which are listed as the component colours of visual form in the abhidharma literature. They are [JKE]: 1) སྤྲིན་པ་ "cloudiness"; 2) དུ་བ་ "smokiness"; 3) རྡུལ་ "dustiness"; 4) ཁུག་སྣ་ "haziness"; 5) ཉི་མ་ "light"; 6) གྲིབ་མ་ "shade"; 7) སྣང་བ་ "visibleness"; 8) མུན་པ་ "obscurity".

ལྡན་མིན་འདུ་བྱེད་བཅུ་བཞི་
Transliteration: ldan min 'du byed bcu bzhi
<enum> "The fourteen non-associated formatives". One style of enumeration of the ལྡན་མིན་འདུ་བྱེད་ "non-associated formatives" gives them as ལྡན་མིན་འདུ་བྱེད་བཅུ་གསུམ་ thirteen q.v.; this one as fourteen. Another style gives them as ལྡན་མིན་འདུ་བྱེད་ཉེར་བཞི་ twenty-four q.v.
[DGT] [JKE] give the fourteen as: 1) ཐོབ་པ་ "acquisition"; 2) མ་ཐོབ་པ་ "non-acquisition"; 3) སྐལ་མཉམ་པ་ "equal lot"; 4…

བསམ་པ་ཐག་པ་
Transliteration: bsam pa thag pa
<phrase> "Sincere thought" or "sincere" or "thought from deep down" or "deep down (in the mind)".
Note: adding ནས་ to give བསམ་པ་ཐག་པ་ནས་ usually creates the adverbially form, e.g., བསམ་པ་ཐག་པ་ནས་རྗེས་སུ་ཡི་རང་བ་ "rejoicing from deep down" or "sincerely rejoicing".

བཀའ་དྲིན་
Transliteration: bka' drin
<noun> [Hon] of དྲིན་ q.v. "Kindness", "graciousness". E.g., [BCA] འཇམ་དབྱངས་བཀའ་དྲིན་གྱིས་ "through the kindness of Mañjughoṣha...". E.g., [KBC] ལོ་ཙཱ་བ་བཀའ་དྲིན་དྲན་པའི་དགོས་པའོ། "is the need for remembering the kindness of the translators".

ཚ་
Transliteration: tsha
I. <consonant letter> The eighteenth of the གསལ་བྱེད་སུམ་ཅུ་ thirty consonants of the Tibetan language. 1) The enunciation of the consonant is defined as having: སྐྱེ་གནས་ place of production = the palate; བྱེད་པ་ producer = the forward, upper end of the tongue; ནང་གི་རྩོལ་བ་ inner effort = opened larynx; and ཕྱིའི་རྩོལ་བ་ outer effort = aspirated and un-sounded. 2) When used as a མིང་གཞི་

ཁྲོ་བོ་
Transliteration: khro bo
Derived from ཁྲོ་བ་ q.v. Translation of the Sanskrit "krodha". Note that this is the male-gendered term; the female is ཁྲོ་མོ་ q.v.
I. <adj> This term has a number of uses. 1) In general, it is the opp. of ཞི་བ་ "peaceful". For example, in the Nyingma systems of tantra, there are the ཞི་བ་དང་ཁྲོ་བོའི་ལྷ་ "peaceful and wrathful deities", usually abbrev. to ཞི་ཁྲོ་. The term does not necessari…

བཅོས་མ་
Transliteration: bcos ma
<noun><adj> 1) "Contrivance" / "contrived", "modification", "modified form of" / "modified", "altered form" or "altered version of". In this sense, it refers simply to something which has altered or modified and hence which is no longer in its native state. 2) In terms specifically of the genuineness of something, "fabrication" / fabricated", "fake" / "faked" or "feigned", "artifice" …

སྐྱེས་བུ་གསུམ་
Transliteration: skyes bu gsum
"The three (types of) person)". [DGT] gives as: 1) ཆུང་ངུ་ "lesser"; 2) འབྲིང་པོ་ "middling"; and 3) ཆེན་པོ་ "great" which are short for 1) སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆུང་བ་ "lesser person"; 2) སྐྱེས་བུ་འབྲིང་བ་ "middling person"; and 3) སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆེན་པོ་ "great person" q.v.
This is key terminology of the ལམ་རིམ་ stages of the path literature. That literature shows the general Mahāyāna path to enlightenment (the pār…

འབུ་
Transliteration: 'bu
<noun> A general name for small creatures. Sometimes this is given as "insects" but the term covers more than that. It covers insects as a whole and also covers all invertebrates such as bugs, worms, maggots, etc. It is also used to mean all of the invertebrates and crustaceans living in the ocean e.g., shellfish like shrimp and so on. E.g., [MDR] འབུ་འདྲ་བ། འབུའང་ཅུང་ཟད་འགྲོ་ནུས་པས་འབུ་ལས་…

ཉན་ཐོས་སྡེ་པ་གཉིས་
Transliteration: nyan thos sde pa gnyis
<phrase> "The two (philosophical) schools of the Śhrāvakas". There are four main, philosophical schools of thought in conventional Buddhism (i.e. in the sūtra teachings); see གྲུབ་མཐའ་སྨྲ་བ་བཞི་ "the four proponents of tenets". Two belong to the ཐེག་དམན་ Lesser Vehicle and two belong to the ཐེག་ཆེན་ Greater Vehicle. The two of the Lesser Vehicle correspond to two main schools of thought amo…

གསུང་སྒྲོས་
Transliteration: gsung sgros
<noun> 1) [Hon] for ཟེར་སྒྲོས་ q.v. E.g., in the titles of works in the collected works of Gampopa such as ཆོས་རྗེ་དྭགས་པོ་ལྷ་རྗེའི་གསུང་སྒྲོས། ལམ་མཆོག་རིན་ཆེན་ཕྲེང་བ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་བཞུགས་སོ།། "The Dharma Lord Dvagpo Lharje's Particular Expression called "Precious Rosary of the Supreme Path". 2) [Hon] for སྐད་ཆ་ talk between people, in general. 3) A particular session of talk. As "a talk given" b…

རིམ་གྱིས་པ་
Transliteration: rim gyis pa
<noun> "That which proceeds gradually" or "gradual type". One of a pair of terms. The opp. is ཅིག་ཅར་བ་, that which proceeds without any stages, that which goes at once.
In the language of the Buddhist tantras, two types of practitioner are identified: the རིམ་གྱིས་པ་ is the gradual type, the person who goes to liberation by stages; the ཅིག་ཅར་བ་ is the sudden type, the one who goes to it im…

གཙུབ་པ་
Transliteration: gtsub pa
<verb> v.t. གཙུབས་པ་/ གཙུབ་པ་/ གཙུབ་པ་/ གཙུབས་/. "To rub". This verb is used to indicate two things being rubbed back and forth against each other, usually in the context of rubbing two pieces of wood, etc., together to make a fire. E.g. གཙུབས་ཤིང་གཙུབས་གཏན་གཙུབས་ནས་མེ་བྱུང་བ། "fire was produced by rubbing a rubbing stick and rubbing support together"; ཙན་དན་བསིལ་བ་ཡིན་མོད་ཀྱི། །གཙུབ་པར་གྱུ…

བསམ་པ་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོ་
Transliteration: bsam pa rgya chen po
<phrase> Used to refer to a very broadminded person, a person with a very large vision, someone with a very large way of thinking.
The phrase བསམ་པ་རྒྱ་ཆེ་བ་ is very similar but indicates a larger than usual way of thinking where this phrase indicates a very large way of thinking.

བལྟམས་པ་
Transliteration: bltams pa
<verb> v.i. བལྟམས་པ་/ བལྟམས་པ་/ བལྟམས་པ་//. [Old] Acc. [LGK] this term was revised during the སྐད་གསར་བཅད་ language revisions and meant, when written in new signs, སྐྱེ་བ་ or འཁྲུངས་པ་ i.e., "to be born" or "to bear". The term འཁྲུང་བ་ is the normal [Hon] but བལྟམས་པ་ was often used instead in earlier writings and is still used as a super-honorific term e.g. for the Buddha or another very h…