THE ILLUMINATOR

Tibetan-English
Encyclopaedic Dictionary

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པ་
Transliteration: pa
I. <consonant letter> The thirteenth of the གསལ་བྱེད་སུམ་ཅུ་ thirty consonants of the Tibetan language. 1) The enunciation of the consonant is defined as having: སྐྱེ་གནས་ place of production = the lips; བྱེད་པ་ producer = the lips; ནང་གི་རྩོལ་བ་ inner effort = joining the two lips together; and ཕྱིའི་རྩོལ་བ་ outer effort = unaspirated and un-sounded. 2) When used as a མིང་གཞི་ name-base, t…
དབྱངས་ཅན་གྲུབ་པའི་རྡོ་རྗེ་
Transliteration: dbyangs can grub pa'i rdo rje
<noun> "Yangchen Druppa'i Dorje". [1809-1884]. He was from the district "ngulchu" and hence was commonly known as དངུལ་ཆུ་དབྱངས་ཅན་གྲུབ་པའི་རྡོ་རྗེ་ "Yangchen Druppa'i Dorje from Ngulchu". He was a direct disciple of his uncle དངུལ་ཆུ་ཐོགས་མེད་ "Ngulchu Thogmey" who was one of the most revered Gelugpa lamas in Central Tibet of his time. Ngulchu Thogmey was famous for his learning and medita…
TIBETAN NUMBERS 751 TO 1000
750༧༥༠བདུན་བརྒྱ་ལྔ་བཅུ་ཐམ་པ་བདུན་ ལྔ་བཅུ་ཐམ་པ་
751༧༥༡བདུན་བརྒྱ་ལྔ་བཅུ་ང་གཅིག་བདུན་ ང་གཅིག་
752༧༥༢བདུན་བརྒྱ་ལྔ་བཅུ་ང་གཉིས་བདུན་ ང་གཉིས་
753༧༥༣བདུན་བརྒྱ་ལྔ་བཅུ་ང་གསུམ་བདུན་ ང་གསུམ་
754༧༥༤བདུན་བརྒྱ་ལྔ་བཅུ་ང་བཞི་བདུན་ ང་བཞི་
755༧༥༥བདུན་བརྒྱ་ལྔ་བཅུ་ང་ལྔ་བདུན་ ང་ལྔ་
756༧༥༦བདུན་བརྒྱ་ལྔ་བཅུ་ང་དྲུག་བདུན་ ང་དྲུག་
757༧༥༧བདུན་བརྒྱ་ལྔ་བཅུ་ང་བདུན་བདུན་ ང་བདུན་
758༧༥༨བདུན་བརྒྱ་ལྔ་བཅུ་ང་བརྒྱད་བདུན་ ང་བརྒྱད་
759༧༥༩བདུན་བར…

སུམ་པ་
Transliteration: sum pa
I. <verb> v.t. བསུམས་པ་/ སུམ་པ་/ བསུམ་པ་/ སུམས་/. "To draw closed" e.g., like drawing closed the string on a pouch. Hence also "to shut" a pouch / bag. Also "to pull closed" loose-fronted clothing. E.g., [TC] ཁུག་མའི་ཁ་བསུམ་པ། "will draw closed the mouth of a fabric pouch / bag (which would be made with a drawstring around the top)"; གོས་ཀྱི་ཨམ་ཕྲག་དང་སྒབ་གཤམ་བསུམས་པ། "pulled closed the fro…
རྗེས་འཇུག་བཅུ་
Transliteration: rjes 'jug bcu
<phrase> "The ten suffixes". Grammar term. Tibetan words are constructed of letters, which are of two types: vowels and consonants. Tibetan words by definition have consonant letters in one of three places: a main position called the མིང་གཞི་ name-base; a སྔོན་འཇུག་ prefix position to that name-base; and a suffix position to the name-base. Of the thirty consonants all can be used in the nam…
མིང་
Transliteration: ming
<noun> Lit. "name". The has two, specific usages in the language.
I. 1) "Name" or "label". Equivalent of the Sanskrit "nāma". It is used in exactly the same way as the English word "name" to mean the name of something, the "label" used to speak of a person or thing as in "his name/ her name/ its name/ the name of the substance/ a name that can be applied" etc. Names are defined in Tibetan as…
ཀློ་ཁ་ཁྲ་
Transliteration: klo kha khra
<noun> General name in earlier times for the areas to the south of Tibet, such as Mon, that were seen as the lands of the ཀླ་ཀློ་ barbarians. E.g., [KZZ] ཀླ་ཀློ་ཞེས་པ་ནི་ཀློ་ཁ་ཁྲ་ཞེས་པ་ལ་སོགས་མཐའ་འཁོབ་སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གཉིས་ཡོད་པར་བཤད་པ་རྣམས། Patrul Rinpoche says that 32 such lands were known in his time. This included the areas around what are now northern Burma and far Eastern India, where cannib…
ལུང་སྟོན་པ་རྟགས་ཀྱི་འཇུག་པ་
Transliteration: lung ston pa rtags kyi 'jug pa
<noun> "Grammar, The Application of Gender Signs". The full name of the first of ཐུ་མི་སཾབྷོཊ་ Thumi Saṃbhoṭa's eight treatises which define the Tibetan grammar and language. Of the eight treatises only two are extant, the other six having been destroyed by King Langdarma in the tenth century A.D. The other surviving treatise is the ལུང་དུ་སྟོན་པ་རྩ་བ་སུམ་ཅུ་པ་ The Root Grammar, The Thirty …
སུམ་ཅུ་སོ་གསུམ་
Transliteration: sum cu so gsum
<noun> 1) The number "thirty-three".
2) "The Thirty-three". Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "trāyastriṃśhāḥ". The general name for the second (from the lowest) of the འདོད་ལྷ་རིགས་དྲུག་ six classes of gods in the འདོད་ཁམས་ desire realm. It is named after the fact that thirty-three different types of gods live there. Also, this was the abode of the Ārya Sthavira ལམ་ཆེན་བསྟན་ Mahāpanthaka q.…
མཁྱེན་པ་གསུམ་
Transliteration: mkhyen pa gsum
<phrase> "The three knowledges". The three knowledges are three of the ཤེར་ཕྱིན་དངོས་པོ་བརྒྱད་ "eight main subjects of prajñāpāramitā". [DGT] gives as: 1) གཞི་ཤེས་ "knowledge of the basis"; 2) ལམ་ཤེས་ "knowledge of the path"; and 3) རྣམ་མཁྱེན་ "knowledge of everything, omniscience". Detailed explanations of the prajñāpāramitā contain མཁྱེན་པ་གསུམ་གྱི་ཆོས་སུམ་ཅུ་ thirty topics of these three…
ཕུར་བུ་པ་
Transliteration: phur bu pa
<noun> "Phurbupa". Translation of the Sanskrit "bṛhaspati". 1) The name of the founder of a non-Buddhist school of philosophy of the Buddha's time whose teachings were refuted by the Buddha. Acc. [HNL] he was a guru of the gods in the སུམ་ཅུ་སོ་གསུམ་པ་ "Heaven of the Thirty-Three" and wrote a treatise there entitled Essence of the View That Everything is An Exaggeration to help the devas th…
ཤེར་ཕྱིན་དོན་བདུན་ཅུ་
Transliteration: sher phyin don bdun cu
<noun> "The Seventy Topics of Prajñāpāramitā". The མངོན་རྟོགས་རྒྱན་ Ornament of Manifest Realization shows how the prajñāpāramitā sūtras have ཤེར་ཕྱིན་དངོས་པོ་བརྒྱད་ eight main subjects hidden within and how there are seventy topics within the eight main subjects: 1-30) for three main subjects called མཁྱེན་པ་གསུམ་ the three knowledges there are མཁྱེན་པ་གསུམ་གྱི་ཆོས་སུམ་ཅུ་ thirty topics; 31…
ལམ་ཤེས་
Transliteration: lam shes
<noun> "Knowledge of the path". The second of the མཁྱེན་པ་གསུམ་ three knowledges and the second of the ཤེར་ཕྱིན་དངོས་པོ་བརྒྱད་ eight main subjects of prajñāpāramitā. When explained in detail, it has ལམ་ཤེས་ཀྱི་ཆོས་བཅུ་གཅིག་ eleven topics which belong to མཁྱེན་པ་གསུམ་གྱི་ཆོས་སུམ་ཅུ་ the thirty topics of the three knowledges and are part of the ཤེར་ཕྱིན་དོན་བདུན་ཅུ་ seventy topics of prajñāpā…
གསལ་བྱེད་སུམ་ཅུ་
Transliteration: gsal byed sum cu
<phrase> "The thirty consonants". There are thirty consonants of the Tibetan lettering set. They are arranged into eight groups. The first seven groups have four members and the last group has two members. This arrangement into groups is called བརྒྱད་དང་ཕྱེད་ཀ་ which does not mean seven and a half groups but means eight groups, one half full. They are as follows: ཀ་ཁ་ག་ང་། ཅ་ཆ་ཇ་ཉ། ཏ་ཐ་ད་ན།…