THE ILLUMINATOR

Tibetan-English
Encyclopaedic Dictionary

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བཟོ་བཅོས་
Transliteration: bzo bcos
<noun> 1) Meaning བཟོ་བའི་བཅོས་མ་, the act of altering, modifying, re-working in some way anything that has already been built. E.g., [TC] ཁང་རྙིང་ལ་བཟོ་བཅོས་རྒྱག་པ།"carried out modifications to the old house". Note that this term has the simple sense of modification, or alteration, it does not have the sense of ཉམས་གསོ་བ་ "restoration", "repair". 2) An important term of Buddhist meditation…
གསལ་དྭངས་
Transliteration: gsal dvangs
<phrase> A term combining the terms གསལ་བ་ and དྭངས་པ་. 1) Meaning pure brilliance, a brilliance which has no obscuring factors to it. The term is often used in Buddhist texts to describe the brilliance of the sun. 2) Meaning "crystal-clear clear-ness", clearness which is clear because there is no sullying factor in it" and in being so is "crystal-clear". In this case it is a description of…
ཀློང་རབ་འབྱམས་པ་
Transliteration: klong rab 'byams pa
<noun> "The All-encompassing Space". The ཀློང་གི་སྡེ་ Space Section of རྫོགས་པ་ཆེན་པོ་ Great Completion is described as having three (sometimes four) divisions. "The All-encompassing Space" is fourth division. The classic short description of this sub-division is ཀློང་རབ་འབྱམས་པ་རྒྱུ་འབྲས་ལ་བཟླ་བ་ "The All-encompassing Space that transcends cause and effect".
རྒྱ་སྐར་
Transliteration: rgya skar
<noun> An གསང་ interstitial space of the body like a skylight; which acc. [TC] is like the "pigeon interstitial space" which is in the upper part of the body. E.g., [TYL] དབུ་མའི་ནང་རྒྱ་སྐར་ལ་ཉི་ཞུར་གསལ་བ་ལྟ་བུ་སྒོམ། "meditate that the inside of the central channel is like star-trap in which sun rays are visible".
འདི་ནས་
Transliteration: 'di nas
The pronoun འདི་ "this / it / here / he" etc., with connector ནས་ q.v. 1) The connector ནས་ can be the main fifth case, indicating something (to the right of the expression) coming from something else (to the left of the expression). i) Thus "from this". E.g., འདི་ནས་འབྱུང་བ་ "arising from this". ii) In this usage there is also the meaning "from here" both in place and time. In the case of time a…
མུ་ཏིག་
Transliteration: mu tig
<noun> "Pearl". Corrupted form of the Sanskrit name མུཀྟི་ཀ་ "muktika" q.v. Translated into Tibetan translation with གྲོལ་བ་ཅན་. The precious mineral produced by oysters which is "pearl" and which is also used as a medicinal substance in the Tibetan pharmacopoeia. One of the རིན་ཆེན་ལྔ་ "five precious substances" and རིན་པོ་ཆེ་སྣ་བདུན་ "seven precious things" q.v.
སེར་སྣ་ལྔ་
Transliteration: ser sna lnga
<phrase> "The five types of miserliness / avarice". Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "pañca mātsayīṇi". Acc. [NDS] they are: 1) ཆོས་ལ་སེར་སྣ་ "miserliness with regard to the dharma"; 2) རྙེད་པ་ལ་སེར་སྣ་ "miserliness with regard to gain"; 3) གནས་པ་ལ་སེར་སྣ་ "miserliness with regard to dwelling places"; 4) དགེ་བ་ལ་སེར་སྣ་ "miserliness with regard to virtue"; 5) རིགས་ལ་སེར་སྣ་ "miserliness wi…
ཀ་འགོ་
Transliteration: ka 'go
<noun> 1) "The top of a pillar or column". The top portion of a ཀ་བ་ pillar q.v. Note that this is not the same as the གཞུ་ bow of a pillar; it just refers to the top area of a pillar in general, not to the specific part called the bow. 2) "Shaft collar / ring". The name of the steel band placed at the projecting end of the main shaft of a water wheel e.g., as used in a grain mill. The band…
རྫོགས་པ་
Transliteration: rdzogs pa
I. <verb> v.i. རྫོགས་པ་/ རྫོགས་པ་/ རྫོགས་པ་//. The connotation of this verb is exactly "to be done and complete". 1) "To be complete". Note that this term does not mean "to be perfect" but rather, "to be complete". E.g., [TC] མཐུན་རྐྱེན་གང་དགོས་ཚང་མ་རྫོགས་པ། "the conducive conditions required are all complete"; ཟླ་བའི་ཆ་ཐམས་ཅད་རྫོགས་པར་ཤར་བ། "the moon is appearing as a completed (full) orb"…
ཉེ་
Transliteration: nye
1) A base intertsheg of the language that provides the meaning "near", "close", "close-by", "proximate", "in the proximity". It is joined with many other intertshegs to provide these meanings e.g., see ཉེ་འཁོར་བ་ for a variety of possibilities. 2) It is sometimes an abbrev. of the Sanskrit emphatic connector ཉེ་བར་ q.v. in which case it can convey the sense of not the main or chief thing but some…
ཤོས་
Transliteration: shos
I. <verb> Imp. of གཤོས་པ་ q.v.
II. 1) <adj> Joined after another noun or adj., it shows the greatest possibility of that. E.g., for the adjective ཆེན་པོ་ "large or great", ཆེ་བ་ is "greater" and ཆེ་ཤོས་ is "greatest"; for དྲག་པོ་ "forceful", དྲག་པ་ is "more forceful" and དྲག་ཤོས་ is "most forceful". 2) Joined after another word, it shows the opposite side e.g., one thing is explained t…
མངོན་པར་འཕགས་པ་
Transliteration: mngon par 'phags pa
I. <verb> v.i. see འཕགས་པ་ for tense forms. "To have become visibly or evidently or truly elevated relative to some other thing or person. E.g., འགྲོ་བ་ཀུན་ན་རྫོགས་པའི་སངས་རྒྱས་མངོན་པར་འཕགས། "Amongst all migrators, the complete buddha is evidently superior".
II. <gerundial>phrase> Cognate to the verb.
ཀྱང་
Transliteration: kyang
<ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> Defined in Tibetan grammar as one of three རྐྱེན་ circumstances of the functions called རྒྱན་སྡུད་ "ornament-inclusion". The three circumstances are ཀྱང་, འང་, and ཡང་. When these circumstances are put into actual use, they cease to be circumstances and are called རྒྱན་སྡུད་ཀྱི་སྒྲ་ "terms of ornament-inclusion". Note that a circumstance has no meaning until it i…
གངས་
Transliteration: gangs
<noun> "Snow". This term strictly speaking refers to snow which has fallen and ཁ་བ་ refers to freshly falling snow. Compared to the light fluffy quality of snow that is falling, snow that has fallen is usually a little compacted and, to a greater or lesser degree, icy. The term གངས་ carries those latter connotations. Hence, e.g., snow mountains are not referred to as ཁ་རི་ but as གངས་རི་. I…
སྟི་ག་
Transliteration: sti ga
<noun> "Cut (of meat)". Used to refer to a cut of meat that has been butchered from a carcass. E.g., [TC] ཤ་ཁོག་ཕར་སྤྲད་ནས་སྟི་ག་ཚུར་སྒུག་པ། "gave over the side of meat and took it back as cuts of the same"; ཤ་གཅིག་ནས་དྲས་པའི་སྟི་ག་དང་། ཀོ་བ་གཅིག་ནས་དྲས་པའི་རྒྱུན་བུ། "a cut carved out from a single chunk of meat and a belt cut out from a single hide of leather".
འཚམ་འདྲི་
Transliteration: 'tsham 'dri
<noun> The name given to the polite conversation that usually precedes the real purpose of a visit with someone. The conversation usually consists of questions from the visitor to the other about their health, the current situation, and so forth. The འདྲི་བ་ questions come from the wish that things not be འཚམ་པ་ going poorly for the person being visited, hence the name.
Sometimes written as …
ཞ་ཉེ་
Transliteration: zha nye
<noun> 1) The metal "lead". 2) Just as we would speak of a "lead pencil" in English, likewise ཞ་ཉེ་ is used for "lead pencil". 3) "The metal "tin".
Note that, to know whether an author intends lead or tin, one has to look at the context. E.g., in ཟངས་ལ་ཞ་ཉེ་བླུགས་ན་འཁར་བ་ཡོང་། it has to be tin because lead does not alloy with copper to make bronze. "If tin is added to copper, it will turn in…
ཨམྲྀཏ་
Transliteration: aamrIta
<noun> "Amrita". Translit. of the Sanskrit "amṛta". 1) The Sanskrit word literally translated into Tibetan is འཆི་བ་མེད་པ་ "deathless". 2) The Sanskrit term was also used to refer to liquids that have special properties. This meaning is translated into Tibetan with བདུད་རྩི་ q.v. The term is especially used in the གསང་སྔགས་ secret mantra system to refer to liquids that have been consecrated…
འབྱུང་ཁུངས་དངོས་
Transliteration: 'byung khungs dngos
<noun> "Source-thing (marker)". A grammar term. In Tibetan grammar, the fifth case has sub-divisions. There is the actual fifth case and there are cases which are not the actual fifth but which are regarded as part of the fifth case overall. When the actual fifth case is produced (and not one of the other, related cases) the connectors making the case are named either the འབྱུང་ཁུངས་ཀྱི་སྒྲ…
ཚི་
Transliteration: tshi
<noun> 1) Sometimes used instead of རྩི་ to meaning the liquidy substance in any glue. E.g., in འབྱར་ཚ་ instead of འབྱར་རྩི་ q.v. 2) Meaning a person's mind with the sense of its extent e.g., ཚི་རིང་པོ་ and ཚི་ཐུང་བ་ meaning a person with a large mind and small mind respectively. 3) In some constructions, it is a shortened version of another word e.g., in ཚི་གུ་ it is a contraction of ཚིག་ …
རི་རབ་
Transliteration: ri rab
<noun> "Mt. Meru". Translation of the Sanskrit "meru". The name of the huge mountain which is at the centre of world systems of our type according to Buddhist cosmology. The term ལྷུན་པོ་རི་རབ་ translates its longer name "sumeru". It is also called རི་བོ་རི་རབ་ which in fact means "Mount Meru". Often called རི་ཡི་རྒྱལ་པོ་ "the king of mountains".
Note: do accidentally not mistake རི་ར་བ་ for…
བོག་པ་
Transliteration: bog pa
I. <verb> Past of v.i. འབོག་པ་ q.v.
II. <noun> 1) Literally "faints", "dumbstruck" because of the meaning in Tibetan culture described below. Effectively meaning "fits", "seizures", and other maladies in which a person is dumbstruck. A metaphoric name for various types of disease such as wind diseases, epilepsy, and so on in which, because the person afflicted is unable to talk, he is …
བདེ་སྐྱོང་
Transliteration: bde skyong
<noun> Abbrev. of བདེ་བ་སྐྱོང་. Lit. "guardian or nurturer of bliss or well-being". 1) Secret mantra terminology meaning the "protector of bliss" and used as an epithet for the ཐོད་པ་ skull-cup. 2) As the name or title of a person, meaning someone who cares for the well-being of a situation e.g., in a small community, the mayor or local official who looks after the interests of the communit…