THE ILLUMINATOR

Tibetan-English
Encyclopaedic Dictionary

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སྟོང་པ་
Transliteration: stong pa
I. <verb> v.i. སྟོངས་པ་/ སྟོང་པ་/ སྟོང་པ་//. 1) "To be empty of". It is used in a wide range of contexts. It is wherever the English "to be empty" would be used and in other contexts where terms such as "to be devoid of", "to be vacant", "to be deserted", "to be emptied of" would also be used. E.g., ལ་འགོ་ཤིང་གིས་སྟོང་པ། "the top of the pass was bare / devoid of trees"; ལུང་པ་ཆུས་སྟོང་པ། "t…
བྱང་ཆུབ་ཕྱོགས་མཐུན་གྱི་ཆོས་སུམ་ཅུ་སོ་བདུན་
Transliteration: byang chub phyogs mthun gyi chos sum cu so bdun
<phrase> "The thirty-seven factors conducive to enlightenment". Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "saptatriṃśhad bodhipākṣhikā dharmaḥ". Acc. [NDS] they are: 1) དྲན་པ་ཉེར་བཞག་བཞི་ "four applications of mindfulness"; 2) ཡང་དག་སྤོང་བ་བཞི་ "four authentic abandonments"; 3) རྫུ་འཕྲུལ་གྱི་རྐང་པ་བཞི་ "four legs of miracles"; 4) དབང་པོ་ལྔ་ "five faculties"; 5) སྟོབས་ལྔ་ "five powers"; 6) བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀ…
གཏམ་པ་
Transliteration: gtam pa
I. <verb> Past of meaning II འདམ་པ་ q.v.
II. <verb> v.t. བཏམས་པ་/ གཏམ་པ་/ བཏམ་པ་/ གཏོམས་/. "To express oneself verbally to others in talk of non-frivolous matters"; "to talk with or talk to others about matters"; "to converse with". A variety of English words can be used on context, though "to talk" is the closest fit. E.g., [TC] ཁ་ཆད་བཏམས་ནས་ཐག་བཅད་པ། "having given a verbal assurance,…
སྨིན་དྲུག་
Transliteration: smin drug
<noun> "Six Brights". The name of a star cluster, a corresponding constellation, and associated lunar month. The constellation is the group of six very bright and one barely visible star. The name here refers to the fact that it has དྲུག་ "six" སྨིན་པ་ "very bright" stars in it.
According to ancient Indian myth, the younger son of Mahādeva who is named ཀརྟི་ཀ་ "Kartika" has six faces and the…
སོ་ཐམ་ཐམ་པ་
Transliteration: so tham tham pa
<noun> "Gritted Teeth". Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "aṭaṭaḥ". The name of the third of the གྲང་བའི་དམྱལ་བ་བརྒྱད་ eight cold hells. It is so cold in this hell that the hell-beings shiver with the cold, gritting or clenching (same meaning) their teeth together in an attempt to withstand the cold. This does not only mean "teeth chattering" but the whole range of expression that happens i…
སྐད་གཉིས་པ་
Transliteration: skad gnyis pa
<noun> [Mngon] lit. "the one with two voices". 1) An epithet of the bird "Parrot". 2) An epithet meaning a person who is fully conversant with two languages, i.e., a translator. Often used in classical literature as an alternative and honorific way of referring to a ལོ་ཙྪཱ་བ་ lotsawa q.v. Note that the bird parrot is the emblem of a translator in the classical Indian and Tibetan cultures.
རང་ངོ་
Transliteration: rang ngo
<phrase> This is an abbrev. of རང་གི་ངོ་བོ་ "its own entity". However, when written this way it usually means "itself" e.g., རང་ངོར་སྣང་བ་ "appearing to itself". It should not be confused with རང་ངོས་ short for རང་གི་ངོས་ and meaning one's own face, own side, etc., though this mistake is seen in texts sometimes.
In the phrase རང་ངོ་ཤེས་པ་ it means for something to recognize itself or the pro…
མི་ཤེས་པ་
Transliteration: mi shes pa
I. <verb> negative of the verb ཤེས་པ་ q.v.
II. <phrase> "Not knowing". This term is quite different from མ་རིག་པ་ the fundamental ignorance that drives cyclic existence. It means simply "not knowing" about something or not knowing how to do something. E.g., i) it is one of ལྟུང་བ་འབྱུང་བའི་སྒོ་བཞི་ the four doorways through which vows are broken; in this context it simply means that on…
མེ་མདག་
Transliteration: me mdag
<phrase> Small heaps of burning fire, e.g., a pile of burning coals, fiery coals, etc. Note that this could refer to glowing embers which are a fire as it is going out but not to cinders which are the left over a fire when it has gone out. E.g., [YKK] དམྱལ་བས་མེ་མདག་གི་ཆར་དུ་མཐོང་བ་ "hell-beings will see (a glass of water seen by humans) as a rain of fire" and note that it does not mean "em…
མཐུར་
Transliteration: mthur
<noun> 1) General name for any head-gear put on a horse or ass in order to be able to steer or pull it along. This includes any sort of "halter" and less complex forms of "reigns". 2) Sometimes seen as a mis-spelling of ཐུར་ meaning "down" or downwards e.g., [LMK] ཞལ་མཐུར་དུ་ལྟ་བ་ཡིན། "face is looking down".
ལྷ་ཆེན་དབང་ཕྱུག་
Transliteration: lha chen dbang phyug
<phrase> "The Great God Īṣhvara". A common way of referring to Śhiva, the great and omnipotent god of mainstream Hindu religion. The name literally means, "The Great God Almighty"; Śhiva is seen by his devotees as the omnipotent creator of and ruler over all, in much the same way that Christians view and hence name their god. Shiva is also known by the names: དབང་ཕྱུག་ "Almighty"; དབང་ཕྱུག་…
གཟུངས་འཇུག་གི་སྐབས་ཀྱི་གཟུངས་ལྔ་
Transliteration: gzungs 'jug gi skabs kyi gzungs lnga
<enum> "The five dhāraṇi of the time of engaging in dhāraṇi". [DGT] gives as: 1) གཙུག་ཏོར་རྣམ་རྒྱལ་; 2) གཙུག་ཏོར་དྲི་མེད་; 3) གསང་བ་རིང་བསྲེལ་; 4) བྱང་ཆུབ་རྒྱན་འབུམ་; 5) རྟེན་འབྲེལ་སྙིང་པོ་.
ཐད་ཀ་
Transliteration: thad ka
I. <noun> 1) Meaning the direction which is "straight (ahead)" or "directly (in front)". E.g., "straight" ahead, or "going directly ahead", or coming "directly" from, or the thing "straight ahead, directly in front". 2) Meaning "the other possibility of some given directions" or "around". E.g., སྟེང་འོག་དང་ཐད་ཀ་ "up, down, and (the other possibility which is neither of those) around".
II. &l…
དབུལ་པོ་
Transliteration: dbul po
<noun> Someone who is "poor" or "destitute". "A poor man", "a pauper". In some songs of wandering yogis e.g., of Milarepa, the yogis refer to themselves as དབུལ་པོ་ but in this case they do not mean simply that they are poor but that they are "lowly", "not rich and magnificent", "humble" in the sense of not having a complex life full of possessions and complexity. The term is sometimes tran…
ཤཱཀྱ་འོད་
Transliteration: sh'akya 'od
<noun> "Śhākya Light", "Śhākyaprabha". In Sanskrit "śhākyaprabha". The name of a great Indian master who was one of the Two Excellent Ones: see འཛམ་གླིང་མཛེས་པའི་རྒྱན་དྲུག་མཆོག་གཉིས་ "Six Ornaments and Two Excellent Ones Beautifying Jambuling". He was renowned for his superior knowledge of the འདུལ་བ་ Vinaya and wrote several texts which were regarded as definitive handbooks on the Vinaya.
ག་ན་མཆིས་
Transliteration: ga na mchis
<phrase> used at the end of a sentence to indicate "how could such a thing be done?", "how could such a thing happen?" E.g., [GSB] རང་ལྷ་ཡིན་གཞན་ཡང་ལྷ་ཡིན་པས། ལྷས་ལྷ་གསོད་པའམ། བརྡེག་པའམ་ཁྲོ་བའམ། བརྫུན་ཟེར་བ་ག་ན་མཆིས། "Oneself is the deity and others also are the deity so how could one deity kill another deity or one hit or be angry with another or lie to another?"
དཔུང་གཉེན་
Transliteration: dpung gnyen
<noun> "Supporter", "friend in need". 1) Someone who will stand by you and lend a hand, give you whatever support or assistance you need. 2) Someone who will not just stand by you but will stand up for you; someone who will defend you as well as assist you. E.g., སངས་རྒྱས་རྣམས་ནི་འགྲོ་བ་སེམས་ཅན་རྣམས་ཀྱི་མགོན་སྐྱབས་དཔུང་གཉེན་དུ་གྱུར་པའི་མགོན་པོ་རྣམས་ "the buddhas, meaning the guardians who s…
ཚེགས་མེད་
Transliteration: tshegs med
<phrase> 1) "Without (experiencing) difficulty", "without (experiencing) hardship"; see ཚེགས་. 2) Used to indicate no difference of degree between two things. E.g., [MDR] ཡ་གི་ལྷ་ཡུལ་དུ་སྐྱེས་ཀྱང་མ་གི་དམྱལ་བར་ལྟུང་བ་ལ་ཚེགས་མེད། "There is no fundamental difference between going up to birth in a god realm and falling down into the hells (they are both totally unsatisfactory)".
སྙོག་མ་
Transliteration: snyog ma
<noun> "Dirt" or other substances that make a liquid, usually but not necessarily impure. Note that དྭངས་གསལ་ refers to the pure portion of a liquid having been brought forth by removal of all impurity so that the water is then སྙོག་མ་དང་བྲལ་བ་ free of dirt, etcetera. Note that this term does not mean sediment per se. Sediment is impurity which sits at the bottom of a liquid. This term mean…
ལུས་ཅན་
Transliteration: lus can
<noun> Lit. "bodied" i.e., having a body, "corporeal". Translation of the Sanskrit "dehin". This has been variously translated as "being", "living being", "creature" however these translations are not satisfactory. There are many other words that indicate the general idea of a "being", e.g., སྐྱེ་བོ་, སེམས་ཅན་, etc. This term gives the specific sense of a being who has taken on a physical b…
ལི་ཤིའི་གུར་ཁང་
Transliteration: li shi'i gur khang
<noun> "The House of Cloves". The name of a text written in 1476 by སྐྱོགས་སྟོན་ལོ་ཙཱ་བ་རིན་ཆེན་བཀྲ་ཤིས་ Translator from Chogton, Rinchen Tashi. The text is an early text that gives important information about changes that occurred to the Tibetan language during the earlier revisions of the language and of words that had come into usage from other cultures.
ལྕགས་རི་
Transliteration: lcags ri
<phrase> 1) "Iron Mountains". Meaning the ring of iron mountains that encircle Mt. Meru and the four continents in one world system as explained in Buddhist cosmology. Same as ལྕགས་རི་མུ་ཁྱུད་ and ལྕགས་རི་ར་བ་ and ལྕགས་རིའི་ཁོར་ཡུག་q.v. 2) Derived from that, the general sense of any wall, fence or other type of enclosure that completely surrounds or seals off something or some place.
འབྲས་ཆོས་ཉེར་ལྔ་
Transliteration: 'bras chos nyer lnga
<phrase> "The twenty-five fruition dharmas (or qualities)". They are the five kāyas of enlightened body, speech, mind, good qualities, and activities, and then likewise the five each of enlightened speech, mind, good qualities, and activities; སྐུའི་སྐུ། སྐུའི་གསུང་། སྐུའི་ཐུགས། སྐུའི་ཡོན་ཏན། སྐུའི་ཕྲིན་ལས་ཏེ་སྐུ་ལ་ལྔ་དང་། དེ་བཞིན་དུ་གསུང་ལའང་ལྔ་དང་། ཐུགས་ལ་ལྔ། ཡོན་ཏན་ལ་ལྔ། ཕྲིན་ལས་ལ་ལྔ་སྟེ…