THE ILLUMINATOR

Tibetan-English
Encyclopaedic Dictionary

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ཤེ་
Transliteration: she
I. <ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> One of a group of three phrase connectors ཅེ་, ཞེ་, and ཤེ་ q.v.
Placement: They are ཕྲད་གཞན་དབང་ཅན་ dependent connectors. When one of them is required, this one is placed after names ending with ས་.
Meaning: They mean ཟེར་བ་ "to say" and བཤད་པ་ "to state, explain" and are used to demarcate statements that have been made. The term is usually used either in the f…


ཐབས་ཆག་
Transliteration: thabs chag
<phrase> 1) To have arrived in the situation where all means to accomplish something or make something happen have been exhausted. E.g., བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་སེམས་རིན་པོ་ཆེ་འདི་ནི། ཡོད་ན་དེས་ཆོག་མེད་ན་ཐབས་ཆག་གྱི་གདམས་པ།ཐབས་ཆག་གྱི་གདམས་པ། This precious enlightenment mind is like this: if you have it, all other instructions give way to it. E.g., དགྲ་བོ་འཕྲུལ་ཐབས་ཆག་ནས་མགོ་བོ་སྒུར་བ། "having exhausted …

འབྱུང་འཇུག་
Transliteration: 'byung 'jug
<phrase> 1) Noun form of འབྱུང་ཏུ་འཇུག་པ་ literally meaning for something to arise or emerge in the first place and then to be engaged or entered into following that. It usually has the sense of an "upheaval" or "incursion"; some event that causes a fluctuation in an otherwise still condition. 2) Longchenpa uses it as just shown but also uses it in the sense of སེམས་ལ་ཕྱིའི་ཡུལ་འབྱུང་བ་དང་ས…

མཁྲེགས་
Transliteration: mkhregs
A basic intertsheg of the Tibetan language with the general sense of "hard". It is combined with various other མིང་ grammatical names or ཚིག་ཕྲད་ connectors to give words that contain its meaning e.g., མཁྲེགས་པོ་ "hard". Hard here has the connotation of not soft and pliable. It is different from སྲ་བ་ which means solid, i.e., not loose but compacted, as in a "solid clod of earth".
Note that this i…

ཁ་རོག་
Transliteration: kha rog
<noun> 1) "Silent" not talking for whatever reason. E.g., [TC] ཁ་རོག་བསྡད་ནས་བསམ་བློ་གཏོང་བ།"he stayed silent, thinking". 2) "Sitting by" or "sitting about" or "sitting about and doing nothing" not motivated to do anything and not motivating oneself to do something. E.g., [TC] མ་བསླབས་ཁ་རོག་འདུག་པ་ལ། །ལོ་བརྒྱ་སོང་ཡང་བཟང་སྐྱེད་མེད།། "Sitting about and not learning, nothing good will be produ…

ཕ་
Transliteration: pha
I. <consonant letter> The fourteenth of the གསལ་བྱེད་སུམ་ཅུ་ thirty consonants of the Tibetan language. 1) The enunciation of the consonant is defined as having: སྐྱེ་གནས་ place of production = the lips; བྱེད་པ་ producer = the lips; ནང་གི་རྩོལ་བ་ inner effort = opened larynx; and ཕྱིའི་རྩོལ་བ་ outer effort = aspirated and un-sounded. 2) When used as a མིང་གཞི་ name-base, the consonant is de…

ཁྱེར་སོ་གསུམ་
Transliteration: khyer so gsum
<phrase> "The Three Approaches". The name given to a specific practice belonging to development stage level of the practice of a yidam deity. In this practice, one's normal, deluded perception is deliberately altered so that it aligns with the perception of the world that would happen when the deity has been fully realized. In it, སྣང་གྲག་རིག་གསུམ་ "sights, sounds, and thoughts" q.v. are ལམ…

ས་ག་
Transliteration: sa ga
<noun> The name of a star, a corresponding constellation, and the associated lunar month. In Sanskrit, it is called བི་ཤཱ་ཁ་ "viśhākha" or བཻ་ཤཱ་ཁ་ "vaiśhākha". According to Western sources [MWS], it is "Alpha Libroe". In the Indian system, it is the sixteenth of the རྒྱུ་སྐར་ཉི་ཤུ་རྩ་བརྒྱད་ twenty-eight stars / constellations of the lunar zodiac q.v. The star rises with the full moon on a …

ལོངས་སྤྱོད་རྫོགས་པ་
Transliteration: longs spyod rdzogs pa
<noun> "Perfected resources". 1) One of the seven attributes of the saṃbhogakāya; see ཁ་སྦྱོར་ཡན་ལག་བདུན་ "the seven aspects of union". This means that the saṃbhogakāya has a complete, perfect set of the resources for its use; everything that it needs for its activities are fully and completely available to it. It does not mean, as is so often translated, that it has perfect enjoyment, thou…

མིག་སྟོང་ལྡན་
Transliteration: mig stong ldan
<phrase> [Mngon] "Thousand-eyed". An epithet of the god Indra. In ancient Buddhist literature, there are sayings like བརྒྱ་བྱིན་མིག་སྟོང་ལྡན་ཡང་དེ་ཉིད་མཐོང་བ་མེད། meaning that the great god Indra, even though he sees everything as though he has a thousand eyes, does not see suchness. This type of talk has been misunderstood in some places (e.g., [SCD] which quotes out of context) to give th…

སྣམ་བུ་
Transliteration: snam bu
<noun> 1) "Heavy woollen cloth", the Tibetan equivalent of "serge" but often much thicker than would be made in the West because of the extreme cold of Tibet. There are many levels of thickness and quality. Acc. [TC] best are both སྤུ་ཅན་ཞུད་མ་ and སྤུ་བཅད་ཤད་མ་; next best is སྤུ་ཅན་ཞུད་འོག་; next best is སྤུ་ཕྲུག་; next best is བྱིང་མ་; and least is ལྭ་བ་. 2) A particular part of a wall st…

གསལ་བྱེད་
Transliteration: gsal byed
<noun> 1) "Clarifier" i.e., that which performs clarification". Note that this does not mean "to clarify" but the agent which does the clarifying. E.g., in some Tibetan books a prefatory section which gives an overview of the main text is sometimes called literally "a clarifier", the equivalent of a "clarification" in English. 2) "Consonant". The Tibetan lettering set is made up of consonan…

བྱ་བྲལ་
Transliteration: bya bral
<phrase> "Action-free", "Activity-free". 1) "Occupation-less", "free of worldly occupations". Meaning a person on a spiritual path who has left off all worldly actions, who is free of all worldly activity, occupations. 2) "Action-less". In the meditation terminology of the tantras, meaning "free of deliberate action" i.e., free of action that is done because of conceptual mind. In this sens…

ཡན་ལག་བདུན་
Transliteration: yan lag bdun
<noun> "The seven limbs / branches". The name given to a practice of pūja that contains seven parts and which is considered thereby to make a complete session of pūja / worship / offering in the Indian Mahāyāna Buddhist tradition. The practice is freq. included in Tibetan liturgies, since it is a complete practice in its own right. The practice is found in the Mahāyāna sūtra, Samantabhadra'…

བོད་ཁྲི་སྐོར་བཅུ་གསུམ་
Transliteration: bod khri skor bcu gsum
<enum> "The Thirteen throne-holders" [DGT] gives as: 1) ལ་སྟོད་ལྷོ་བའི་ཁྲི་སོར་; 2) ལ་སྟོད་བྱང་བའི་ཁྲི་སྐོར་; 3) ཆུ་མིག་ཁྲི་སྐོར་; 4) ཞ་ལུ་ཁྲི་སྐོར་; 5) བྱང་འབྲོག་ཁྲི་སྐོར་; 6) ཡར་འབྲོག་ཁྲི་སྐོར་; 7) འབྲི་གུང་ཁྲི་སྐོར་; 8) ཚལ་བ་ཁྲི་སྐོར་; 9) ཕག་གྲུ་ཁྲི་སྐོར་; 10) གཡའ་བཟང་ཁྲི་སྐོར་; 11) རྒྱ་མ་ཁྲི་སྐོར་; 12) སྟག་ལུང་ཁྲི་སྐོར་; 13) བྱ་ཡུལ་ཁྲི་སྐོར་.

ཉན་ཐོས་རྩ་བའི་སྡེ་བཞི་
Transliteration: nyan thos rtsa ba'i sde bzhi
<phrase> "The four root divisions of the Śhrāvakas"". There were four major divisions of the śhrāvaka school with a total of eighteen divisions among them. [DGT] gives the four as: 1) ཐམས་ཅད་ཡོད་པར་སྨྲ་བ་ "Those who advocated that all exists"; 2) ཕལ་ཆེན་པའི་སྡེ་པ་ "The Mahāsaṅgikas (the majority division)"; 3) གནས་བརྟན་པའི་སྡེ་པ་ "The Sthaviras (the elders division)"; 4) མང་པོས་བཀུར་བའི་སྡེ…

ཕྱི་ཡི་སྡེ་བརྒྱད་
Transliteration: phyi yi sde brgyad
<phrase> "The outer eight classes". A sub-division of སྡེ་བརྒྱད་ the eight classes of gods and harmful beings made in the རྙིང་མ་ Nyingma system only. They are eight groups of beings led by particular individuals: 1) ལྷའི་དབང་པོ་བརྒྱ་བྱིན་ "The leader of the Gods, Indra"; 2) ལྷ་མིན་དབང་པོ་ཐགས་བཟང་རིས་ "The leader of the Asuras, Vemacitri"; 3) མི་འམ་ཅི་ལྗོན་རྟ་མགོ་ཅན་ "Kinnara's Tree With Ho…

ལམ་གྱི་གཙོ་བོ་རྣམ་པ་གསུམ་
Transliteration: lam gyi gtso bo rnam pa gsum
<phrase> "The three principal paths". This is the name given in stages of the path literature to the three main things to be practiced as laid out in that literature. They are the three most essential things required in the practice of a pāramitā vehicle type of bodhisatva. [DGT] gives them as: 1) ངེས་འབྱུང་གི་བསམ་པ་ "the thought of renunciation"; 2) བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་སེམས་ "the mind of bodhicitt…

གཞན་ཕན་ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྣང་བ་
Transliteration: gzhan phan chos kyi snang ba
<name> "Zhanphen Chokyi Nangwa". Also commonly known as གཞན་དགའ་ [1871-1927]. Zhanphen Chokyi Nangwa or Zhan-ga remained in worldly pursuits until he was twenty, at which time he developed a very strong renunciation and left his life as a householder. He went to a hermitage to meet his guru of past lifetimes, Orgyan Tenzin Norbu. He underwent great hardships in order to pursue his studies b…

གྲུ་
Transliteration: gru
I. <noun> A vessel for travelling over the water. Hence "ferry", "boat", "ship". The term is often placed after another term to indicate the kind of boat or things connected with a boat. E.g., [TC] ཤིང་གྲུ་ "wooden boat"; ཀོ་གྲུ་ "hide boat"; གྲུ་གླ་ "boat fare"; གྲུ་ཐག་ "hawser" i.e., rope to tie up the boat"; སྐྱ་བ་བརྒྱབ་སྟེ་གྲུ་སྐུལ་བ་ "propelled the boat by rowing / poling"; དངོས་ཆས་མང་…

སྤྱོད་འཇུག་གི་ལེའུ་བཅུ་
Transliteration: spyod 'jug gi le'u bcu
<phrase> "The ten chapters of Entering the Conduct". The famous text on the way of a bodhisatva called བྱང་ཆུབ་སྤྱོད་པ་ལ་འཇུག་པ་ "Engaging in the Conduct of a Bodhisatva" q.v. has ten chapters; this phrase is commonly used to refer to them.
The ten are: 1) བྱང་སེམས་ཀྱི་ཕན་ཡོན་བཞད་པ་ [Skt. bodhicittānuśhaṃsa] "the beneficial attributes of enlightened mind"; 2) སྡིག་པ་བཤགས་པའི་ལེའུ་ [Skt. pāpa…

ལྷ་སྐལ་
Transliteration: lha skal
<noun> 1) "Destined deity". An altern. term for a practitioner's principal yidam deity. Because of practicing it, the practitioner is creating the future སྐལ་བ་ destiny of becoming that deity. 2) "Karmically connected allotted deity" etc., meaning the deity that one is karmically connected to. E.g., [CSG] རྒྱག་གར་གྱི་ལྷ་སྐལ་ཕྱག་ན་རྡོ་རྗེ་བཞུགས། རྒྱག་ནག་གི་ལྷ་སྐལ་འཕགས་པ་འཇམ་དབྱངས་བཞུགས། བོད་…

ཐ་ཚིག་
Transliteration: tha tshig
I. <noun> Acc. [ULS] this term was revised during the སྐད་གསར་བཅད་ language revisions and meant, when written in new signs, རྩ་བ་ q.v. Acc. [LGK] this term was revised during the སྐད་གསར་བཅད་ language revisions and meant, when written in new signs to ཚིག་གི་དོན་. It means the meaning of a word or phrase, not loosely given but the definition of that word, the root meaning of the word; what t…

སྐྱ་
Transliteration: skya
I. <verb> See སྐྱ་བ་ q.v.
II. <noun> 1) The "harvest" or "crop" or "produce" of a year not meaning the actual ལོ་ཏོག་ harvest but the totality of the harvest and the produce of various foods and drinks that come from it in any given year. 2) Indicating a pale colour. E.g., [TYL] ཁ་དང་མིག་གཉིས་སྐྱ་ལོག་འགྲོ་ "(at the time of death) the mouth and eyes turn pale". i) In ancient India, orda…

མོག་མོག་པོ་
Transliteration: mog mog po
<adj><adv> 1) For something to lose its quality of brightness or 2) for the magnitude of a light source to be reduced. In either case, with the result that the thing becomes dull, even to the point of disappearing from view. E.g., [TC] གོས་གསར་དྲི་མ་ཕོག་ན་མོག་མོག་འགྱུར། "the new clothes became dirty and lost their shine / newness". E.g., ཉི་མས་རྒྱུ་སྐར་བཞིན་དུ་མོག་མོག་པོར་གྱུར་བ། "pal…