THE ILLUMINATOR

Tibetan-English
Encyclopaedic Dictionary

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བར་དུ་གཅོད་པའི་ཆོས་ལུང་སྟོན་པ་ལ་མི་འཇིགས་པ་
Transliteration: bar du gcod pa'i chos lung ston pa la mi 'jigs pa
<noun> "Fearlessness regarding making prophetic announcements concerning the dharmas which are interruptions". One of the མི་འཇིགས་པ་བཞི་ four fearlessnesses of a Buddha. This fearlessness means that the Buddha does, without fear, i.e., without doubt, make pronouncements about any dharmas which were the interrupting dharmas of the path and which were abandoned by him due to his having compl…
གསེར་
Transliteration: gser
<noun> "Gold". 1) Translation of the Sanskrit "suvarna" (though note that there are several words for gold in Sanskrit)". The name of the precious metal "gold". Gold is one of the རིན་ཆེན་ལྔ་ "five precious substances" and one of the རིན་པོ་ཆེ་སྣ་བདུན་ "seven precious things" q.v. 2) Translation of the Sanskrit "kañcanaḥ". The fifth of the ས་འོག་བདུན་ seven sub-terrestrial worlds q.v. 3) "G…
ཐ་སྐར་
Transliteration: tha skar
<noun> "The star, Tha". 1) Tharka is the name for a particular star of the heavens. In Sanskrit it is "Aśhvini" which is the name of a god connected with two of the principal gods of the སུམ་ཅུ་སོ་གསུམ་ Heaven of the Thirty-Three. In modern-day Hindi it is "Aśhvin". According to Western sources [MWS], it is "Beta Arietis", one of the stars in the constellation Orion the Hunter.
In the Indian…
ངག་འཆལ་
Transliteration: ngag 'chal
<noun> Lit. "speech that is undisciplined" and with the connotations also of being un-focussed, meaningless. Note that this term was written ངག་འཁྱལ་ before the language revisions, q.v. 1) Generally, the term means to have the type of speech in which there is talk but the talk is of no real meaning, there is no real significance to it. This is usually defined in Tibetan as དོན་མེད་པའི་སྐད་ཆ…
གཟེབ་
Transliteration: gzeb
<noun> 1) Acc. [ULS] and [LGK] this term was revised during the སྐད་གསར་བཅད་ language revisions and meant, when written in new signs, གུར་ which is a tent or similar structure, such as a thatched hut, that houses oneself and one's goods. 2) A woven article (which in Tibet was made usually of rods of willow) that can be opened and closed. Can refer to a basket used for holding goods and also…
འགག་པ་
Transliteration: 'gag pa
I. <verb> v.i. འགགས་པ་/ འགག་པ་/ འགག་པ་//. Transitive form is འགོག་པ་ q.v. 1) "To be stopped" or "to stop" (intransitive meaning). This has the specific sense of something being stopped, being in a state of stoppage. 2) "To cease" in the sense of something that was operative or existent ceasing to operate or going out of existence.
NOTE: It is very important to understand that this verb and i…
རྟེན་ཅིང་འབྲེལ་བར་འབྱུང་བའི་ཚུལ་བཅུ་གཉིས་
Transliteration: rten cing 'brel bar 'byung ba'i tshul bcu gnyis
<noun> "The twelve modes / processes of dependent-related origination / arising". Translation of the Sanskrit "dvādaśhāṅga pratītya samutpāda". The Buddha described the process of the arising of cyclic existence as a sequence of twelve events of རྟེན་ཅིང་འབྲེལ་བར་འབྱུང་བ་ dependent-related origination q.v. These are a sequence of ཚུལ་ processes or modes in which the production of life in འཁ…
བདོག་པ་
Transliteration: bdog pa
I. <verb> v.i. བདོག་པ་/ བདོག་པ་/ བདོག་པ་//. For something "to be present, to exist" in a certain place. Like འདུག་པ་ or ཡོད་པ་ q.v. E.g., [TC] བདོག་པ་བདོག "there are goods" or "there are existent things"; བདོག་པའི་དངོས་པོ། "things that exist"; གཙང་པོར་ཉ་བདོག "there are fish in the Tsangpo River"; ཉེས་སྐྱོན་གང་དུ་བདོག "where are the faults? (meaning show me, where are these faults that you s…
འཁོར་བའི་ཉེས་དམིགས་
Transliteration: 'khor ba'i nyes dmigs
<phrase> "The disadvantages of cyclic existence". The fourth of the བློ་ལྡོག་རྣམ་བཞི་ four mind reversers, it concerns the defects of འཁོར་བ་ cyclic existence. Tsongkhapa in his ལམ་རིམ་ཆེན་མོ་ Great Stages of the Path teaches this by setting out the སྡུག་བསྔལ་བརྒྱད་ eight sufferings, སྡུག་བསྔལ་དྲུག་ six sufferings, and སྡུག་བསྔལ་གསུམ་ three sufferings taught by the buddha. Padma Karpo sums …
དགེ་བའི་སེམས་བྱུང་བཅུ་གཅིག་
Transliteration: dge ba'i sems byung bcu gcig
<phrase> "The eleven virtuous (mental events)". One of the six categories of mental events in the སེམས་བྱུང་ལྔ་བཅུ་ང་གཅིག་ fifty-one mental events. This fifth group is a group of eleven mental events which are regarded as primary amongst the many virtuous mental events. They are: 1) དད་པ་ "faith"; 2) ངོ་ཚ་ཤེས་པ་ "shame"; 3) ཁྲེལ་ཡོད་པ་ "propriety"; 4) མ་ཆགས་པ་ "non-attachment"; 5) ཞེ་སྡང་མེ…
འགྲོས་
Transliteration: 'gros
<noun> The way or mode of going / progressing / travelling or doing something. This can be used for both animate and inanimate situations. 1) The way a being walks, jumps, runs, travels, etc. Hence its mode, gait, walk, step. 2) A particular gait of horses, the "cantor" [KHN]. 3) The way that something is done, e.g., the "style" of drawing a picture, "style" of singing a song. 4) The way th…
ཕ་རྒྱུད་
Transliteration: pha rgyud
I. <noun> Abbrev. of ཨ་ཕའི་རིགས་རྒྱུད་ "father's family line".
II. <noun> "Father tantra". Translation of the Sanskrit "patṛtantra". The གསར་འགྱུར་ new translation tantras categorize the tantras and yidam practices associated with the བླ་ན་མེད་པའི་རྣལ་འབྱོར་ anuttarayoga section into three different types: 1) མ་རྒྱུད་ "mother tantra"; 2) ཕ་རྒྱུད་ "father tantra"; and 3) གཉིས་མེད་རྒྱུད་…
མངོན་དུ་གྱུར་པ་
Transliteration: mngon du gyur pa
I. <verb> past of མངོན་དུ་འགྱུར་བ་ meaning "has become manifest", "has been manifested".
II. <adj>phrase> Lit. "become manifest"; something which has become and so is now "evident" or "manifest" or "present in fact". Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "abhimukhi". It is the opp. of ལྐོག་ཏུ་གྱུར་པ་. 1) "Manifest" objects or phenomenon as the first division of གཞལ་བྱའི་གནས་གསུམ་ the th…
ལ་དོན་
Transliteration: la don
<noun> "La equivalent". The name of a group of seven ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connectors of Tibetan grammar. They are རྣམ་དབྱེའི་ཕྲད་ case-marking connectors but whereas other groups of case marking connectors are only used to show one specific case, this group is used to show three different cases. The connectors are ཕྲད་གཞན་དབང་ཅན་ dependent connectors hence they all have the same meaning but the …
ལྡབ་པ་
Transliteration: ldab pa
I. <verb> v.t. བལྡབས་པ་/ ལྡབ་པ་/ བལྡབ་པ་/ ལྡོབས་/. "To do one more time". E.g., [TC] ཚིག་ཡང་ཡང་བལྡབས་ནས་བཤད་ན་ཉན་མཁན་མེད། "if you explain it using the same words time and again, no one will listen".
II. <preposition> The number of "times" that something is done. This often is also used as a noun, "count" / "amount" so the translation must be on context. E.g., in the table of contents t…
གཏི་མུག་
Transliteration: gti mug
<noun> "Delusion". Translation of the Sanskrit "moha". It literally means very thick and stupid, a mind which is cloudy and dark, not clear about its object. It is similar to the term མ་རིག་པ་ "ignorance" in that they are both forms of delusion and is often used in Buddhist teachings as a term instead of མ་རིག་པ་. However, where མ་རིག་པ་ is the basic deludedness of "not seeing (reality)", t…
གོས་
Transliteration: gos
I. <verb> Past part of འགོ་བ་ q.v.
II. <noun> A general word for any kind of "garb", any kind "covering" worn by something. It is used to refer to i) "covers", "coverings", "cladding" of any kind on something else; ii) "cloth(s)" in general; iii) "clothes", "clothing", "dress", "garb" worn on the body; iv) "shroud", "shrouding". These are as follows
1) "Covers / coverings". Any kind of …
ལས་གསུམ་
Transliteration: las gsum
<enum> "The three karmas".
I. The three types of འཕེན་བྱེད་ཀྱི་ལས་ "propulsive karma" are [DGT]: 1) བསོད་ནམས་ཀྱི་ལས་ "meritorious karma"; 2) བསོད་ནམས་མ་ཡིན་པའི་ལས་ "non-meritorious karma"; and 3) མི་གཡོ་བའི་ལས་ "unwavering karma".
II. The three types of karma in terms of the result that it will give [JKE]: 1) བདེ་བ་མྱོང་འགྱུར་གྱི་ལས་ "karma that will be experienced as pleasant"; 2) སྡུག་བསྔལ་…
རྟག་པ་
Transliteration: rtag pa
I. <noun> "Permanence". Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "nitya". The opp. of མི་རྟག་པ་ "impermanence". Permanence is that fact that something does not change.
1) In the Buddhist perspective, when the conventional (i.e., dualistic and based in concept) mind sees something as existent, the way that it sees its existence is concrete and unchanging, i.e., that it is a permanent thing. In this …
པོ་
Transliteration: po
An accessory that is added to མིང་ names to make a ཚིག་ phrase. It is used in one of two ways.
I. <ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> It is one of several accessories that provide the བདག་པོའི་སྒྲ་ "term of the owner". This and པ་ provide the male form; བ་ and བོ་ provide the gender inclusive form; and མ་ and མོ་ provide the female form. For example, adding this to གྲོགས་, a grammatical name with th…
སང་ངེ་སེང་ངེ་
Transliteration: sang nge seng nge
I. <adj> [Exp] An མྱོང་ཚིག་ experiential language term. It means seeing something that has a bright appearance of light, like a brightly-lit doorway or window or an appearance of brightness in some space, such a brightly lit patch. In Mahamudra and Dzogchen texts, the term conveys the sense of how a pracititioner experiences the empty space of the dhātu; it is empty but brightly light with …
འཕམ་པ་
Transliteration: 'pham pa
I. <verb> v.i. ཕམ་པ་/ འཕམ་པ་/ འཕམ་པ་//. Meaning "to come off as the loser in any situation", hence "to be defeated", "to be beaten", "to lose out". Opp. of རྒྱལ་བ་ "to be victorious", "to win". E.g., [TC] དམག་འཕམ་པ། "to be defeated at war"; ཁ་མཆུ་ཕམ་པ། "to lose a legal dispute"; རྩོད་པ་ཕམ་པ། "to lose a debate or verbal dispute"; ཡིད་ཕམ་པ། "to become depressed"; སེམས་ཕམ་པ་ལ་ཚད་མེད་པ་བུ་གཅིག་…
ཡེ་ཤེས་ལྔ་
Transliteration: ye shes lnga
<phrase> "The five wisdoms". Translation of the Sanskrit "pañca jñānāni". There is only one ཡེ་ཤེས་ wisdom of a buddha but, for the sake of leading trainees on the path to buddhahood, the Buddha taught various aspects of that wisdom. The most common formulations is the presentation of the five types of wisdom. This formulation is central to the teaching of the Vajrayāna. Note that there are…
བཀོད་པ་
Transliteration: bkod pa
I. <verb> Past of v.t. འགོད་པ་ q.v.
II. <noun> 1) "Arrangement", "placement", "design", "layout" i.e., the way in which something has been put together, arranged, done. E.g., in དམག་དཔུང་གི་བཀོད་པ་གསར་དུ་བསྒྲིགས་པ། "the army re-grouped (its forces after one battle in preparation for the next)" where བཀོད་པ་ means the way that the troops were sent out / placed in the field by their comm…
བླ་ན་མེད་པའི་མཆོད་པ་
Transliteration: bla na med pa'i mchod pa
<phrase> "Unsurpassable offering". 1) Specifically, the བླ་ན་མེད་པའི་མཆོད་པ་རྣམ་པ་བདུན་ seven aspect unsurpassable offering q.v. 2) In general, one of two types of offering, the other being བླ་ན་ཡོད་པའི་མཆོད་པ་ q.v. It is explained by Ontrul Tenpa'i Wangchug as follows:
སངས་རྒྱས་དང་བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའ་རྣམས་ཀྱི་ཏིང་ངེ་འཛིན་དང་། སྨོན་ལམ་དང་ཐུགས་བསྐྱེད་ལས་སྤྲུལ་པའི་མཆོད་པ་སྲིད་པའི་ཁྱོན་འདི་ན་དཔེ་ད…