THE ILLUMINATOR

Tibetan-English
Encyclopaedic Dictionary

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ཟེའུ་འབྲུ་
Transliteration: ze'u 'bru
<noun> This term is used as an equivalent of གེ་སར་ in which is the central portion of a flower in general is being referenced, correctly termed "pollen bed" in English. Unlike གེ་སར་ it is also used—usually poetically—where it refers to the filaments that grow out of the pollen bed in general. Western botanical science identifies several such filaments and their parts, e.g., stamen, pistil…
རྣམ་དབྱེ་
Transliteration: rnam dbye
I. <noun> "Case". Grammar term. This is the term that corresponds to the term "case" of English grammar. It is definitely not "declension" as some have translated it. Tibetan grammar has རྣམ་དབྱེ་བརྒྱད་ "eight cases" (occasionally only རྣམ་དབྱེ་བདུན་ seven are mentioned) q.v.
The word "case" in Tibetan grammar is used slightly differently than in English. In English, a case is the name of a …
ཕྱི་མོ་
Transliteration: phyi mo
<noun> Acc. [ULS] this term was revised during the སྐད་གསར་བཅད་ language revisions and meant, when written in new signs, རྩ་བ་ q.v. However, that is a general gloss of the meaning. In fact, there are three meanings as follows.
1) "Grandmother" meaning for the mother of either parent (which is unusual because Tibetan language normally has individual words for the relatives on either side of t…
མ་རུངས་པ་
Transliteration: ma rungs pa
I. <adj> 1) "Vicious (one)", "malicious", "horrid", "rotten (in terms of behaviour towards others)". A term used to describe a really nasty-minded being, one who does not care about pain and harm inflicted on another. 2) "Endangering". A situation which is potentially harmful to others, which puts them at risk or a someone who "endangers others". The terms is derived from the negative of རུ…
འོག་མིན་
Transliteration: 'og min
<noun> Phonetics: "Ogmin". Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "akaniṣhṭha". Generally speaking, Akaniṣhṭha is the highest of pure realms; the name, lit. meaning "below none", is usually explained as meaning that "there is no place above it".
I. Many different Akaniṣhṭha's are described, especially in tantric literature. Nyingma tantric literature contains a great deal of information about Aka…
བཀུར་སྟི་
Transliteration: bkur sti
<noun> 1) "Respect", "honour", "regard for" in the same sense that one pays respect to or has regard for old people who might not be especially holy or great but who are worthy of respect / honour because of their experience or even just their age. 2) "Veneration", "honouring", "esteem" in the sense of the treatment that one gives to anyone or anything seen as much higher / holier than ones…
དཔའ་བོ་
Transliteration: dpa' bo
<noun> "Hero", "warrior". Translation of the Sanskrit "vīra". 1) A general term for anyone who is strong and capable when it comes to fighting off an enemy of any kind. On context it can mean "a brave person", "a hero", "a great warrior". However, it is not restricted only to the idea of heros in war and so on. It can also refer to a tough person, one who is capable of fighting and fending …
སེམས་
Transliteration: sems
<noun> 1) "Mind". Translation of the Sanskrit "citta". This term is one of three terms from the Indian tradition which refer to the overall fact of mind. The madhyamaka Prasaṅgika teachings of the Gelugpa tradition state that the terms ཡིད་, རྣམ་ཤེས་, and སེམས་ are equivalent when referring to the basic fact of "a knower". However, each is a specific term with a specific meaning. The Sanskr…
ཕྱོགས་པ་
Transliteration: phyogs pa
I. <verb> v.i. ཕྱོགས་པ་/ ཕྱོགས་པ་/ ཕྱོགས་པ་//. 1) "To face" a certain direction hence also "to turn" (to a direction). E.g., [TC] ཤར་ངོས་སུ་ཕྱོགས་པ། "facing the south"; གཡས་མདའ་དང་། གཡོན་གཞུ་ལ་མི་ཕྱོགས་པ། "the arrow in the right (hand) and the bow in the left not on (lined up facing the) target"; རང་ཡུལ་རྒྱབ་ཀྱིས་ཕྱོགས་པ། "with his back to his own land". 2) "To go in / take a certain direct…
གདོད་མ་
Transliteration: gdod ma
<noun> "Prime". Translation of the Sanskrit "ādi". The term conveys the sense of the one that comes before all others or is at the head of all others. E.g., in India and Nepal, there were many rajahs. The bigger ones were called maharajahs. The foremost of them all is called the "adirajah" literally the "prime king", the one at the head, i.e., in the first position. In government offices, t…
འཐམ་པ་
Transliteration: 'tham pa
<verb> v.t. འཐམས་པ་/ འཐམ་པ་/ འཐམ་པ་/ འཐོམས་/. 1) "To hug" or "to embrace" with the arms and shoulders. Note that this specifically means to hug; the general verb for "embrace" is འཁྱུད་པ་ q.v. E.g., [TC] ཕན་ཚུན་འཐམས་ནས་དགའ་བཤུམ་གནང་བ། "hugging each other, they cried for joy"; ཕན་ཚུན་སྐེད་པ་ནས་འཐམས་ཏེ་ལུས་སྟོབས་འགྲན་བསྡུར་བྱེད་པ། "hugging each others waist, they fought a match of strength"; …
སྣང་གྲག་རིག་གསུམ་
Transliteration: snang grag rig gsum
<phrase> "The three—sights, sounds, and thoughts". Literally meaning whatever སྣང་བ་ sights appear to the eyes, གྲག་པ་ sounds are heard with the ears, and རིག་པ་ whatever is known to the mind. However the first two actually mean "all appearances of the physical senses"; see སྣང་གྲག་ for the explanation. Humans most acute senses are sight, hearing, and mind. Therefore, these three together a…
རྟབ་པ་
Transliteration: rtab pa
I. <verb> v.i. བརྟབས་པ་/ རྟབ་པ་/ བརྟབ་པ་//. "To be frantically afraid / desperate". E.g., [TC] མདུན་དུ་སྤྱང་ཀི་དང་། རྒྱབ་ཏུ་སྟག་མོ་ཡོད་པར་བརྟབས་པས་གོམ་པ་གཅིག་ཀྱང་ཡར་སྤོ་ཕྱིར་འཐེན་བྱེད་མི་ནུས་པ། "with the wolf in front and the tiger behind he was desperately afraid and couldn't move a step". This verb means having fear like དངངས་སྐྲག་ but even more severe. One dictionary gives it as being "s…
པདྨ་སམྦྷ་ཝ་
Transliteration: padma sambha wa
<noun> "Padmasambhava". Translit. of the Sanskrit "padmasaṃbhava". Padmasaṃbhava was one of the སློབ་དཔོན་ཆེན་པོ་ལྔ་ five great masters that visited Tibet in the 8th century A.D. at the request of the Tibetan king of the time, ཁྲི་སྲོང་ལྡེ་བཙན་ King Trisong Deutsen. He was a great གྲུབ་ཐོབ་ siddha who was invited to Tibet when མཁན་པོ་བོདྷི་སཏྭ་ཞི་བ་འཚོ་ the Preceptor Bodhisatva Śhāntirakṣhi…
རྣལ་དུ་ཕབ་པ་
Transliteration: rnal du phab pa
[Old] Acc. [LGK] this term was revised during the སྐད་གསར་བཅད་ language revisions and meant, when written in new signs, གཞན་གྱི་འཚེ་བ་མེད་པར་རང་དབང་དུ་གནས་པ་ "Staying in its own place, under its own control, without having that situation affected by an external factor".
I. <verb> past of v.t. རྣལ་དུ་འབེབས་པ་.
II. <phrase> Lit. "to have settled into the authentic" but meaning that a prac…
སྒྲོག་པ་
Transliteration: sgrog pa
I. <verb> v.t. བསྒྲགས་པ་/ སྒྲོག་པ་/ བསྒྲག་པ་/ སྒྲོགས་/. Intransitive form is གྲགས་པ་ q.v. With the basic meaning "to broadcast something so that it is known to all, everywhere". Hence "to cause to be well-known", "to proclaim to others (out loud / in public)", "to broadcast / publish" with the sense of declaring out loud to everyone at large. Also, "to read out loud" as in "to read out (pub…
ལོན་པ་
Transliteration: lon pa
<verb> v.i. ལོན་པ་/ ལོན་པ་/ ལོན་པ་//. 1) Meaning for something to happen to or come to pass for, i.e., for some particular circumstance or situation "to be arrived at", "to be reached", "to materialize". In the case of a being's age, for a certain number of years "to be reached". E.g., སེམས་ལ་ཀུན་སློངས་དཀར་པོ་ལོན་པ། "arrived at a good motivation in mind". E.g., [TC] བསམ་དོན་ལག་ཏུ་ལོན་པ། lit…
དེ་
Transliteration: de
I. <ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> One of a pair of terms that function as the indefinite pronoun, that and so on. The other is འདི་ q.v.
Placement: The term is an ཕྲད་རང་དབང་ཅན་ independent connector, therefore it has no special rules of placement.
Meaning: In Tibetan grammar, it is defined as a connector which stands to identify something else which as been mentioned in another place (i.e., a p…

ཉི་མ་
Transliteration: nyi ma
I. <noun> "Sun". Translation of the Sanskrit "surya", "āditya". Meaning the star for our earth called the sun. 1) "Sun" as a planet. Translation of the Sanskrit "āditya"; the sun as of the གཟའ་བརྒྱད་ eight planets and one of the གཟའ་བཅུ་ ten planets. 2) "The sun" is one of འོད་གསལ་རྟགས་བཅུ་ "the ten signs of luminosity".
II. <noun> "Sunday", Abbrev. of གཟའ་ཉི་མ་ the day of the week "Su…
གོ་
Transliteration: go
I. A basic intertsheg of the Tibetan language with the connotations སྐབས་ "particular circumstance", མཚམས་ "boundary", and གནས་ "place", "room", "space", "situation", "level". It is combined with a wide variety of other མིང་ grammatical names, usually following it, to give a range of meanings. E.g., the following roughly correspond to the three connotations given for it: གོ་སྐབས་ "opportunity"; ག…
རླུང་
Transliteration: rlung
I. <noun> "Wind" meaning the movement of air in the physical world. Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "vāyu". 1) "Wind". One of the འབྱུང་བཞི་ four elements and འབྱུང་བ་ལྔ་ five elements. It is the principle of lightness and movement. 2) "Wind" as that which causes the sense of lightness of touch is one of རེག་བྱ་བཅུ་གཅིག་ the eleven touchables q.v. 3) "Wind" element is one of the ཁམས་དྲུག་…
ཆོས་སྐྱོང་
Transliteration: chos skyong
<noun> Translation of the Sanskrit "dharmapāla".
I. "Dharma protector(s)". The name for anyone who is an important or effective protector of the buddha's dharma. In the vajra vehicle, the term refers to one of the རྩ་བ་གསུམ་ three roots q.v.
II. "Dharmapāla". A moderately-common person's name in ancient Indian Buddhist culture. There are a few well-known people in Indian Buddhist history of t…
སྲིད་པའི་རྩེ་མོ་
Transliteration: srid pa'i rtse mo
<phrase> "Peak of existence", "pinnacle of existence", "summit of existence". The peak of སྲིད་པ་ the possibilities of འཁོར་བ་ cyclic existence is the highest type of existence than can occur within cyclic existence. It is the level of འདུ་ཤེས་མེད་མིན་གྱི་སྐྱེ་མཆེད་ the fourth of the four levels of absorbtion of the formless realm.
E.g., [DDT] སློབ་དཔོན་དཔའ་བོས། ཁྱོད་ཀྱི་བསྟན་ལ་མི་ཕྱོགས་པའི།…
རྗེས་སུ་འཛིན་པ་
Transliteration: rjes su 'dzin pa
I. <verb> v.t. see འཛིན་པ་ for tense forms. 1) Meaning for one person—usually regarded as more advanced spiritually or of greater personal means—to take another person under their care. i) Seen in secular contexts, e.g., such as a king or powerful person "taking someone under their wing", "taking someone under their protection", "taking someone into their care". ii) Seen in Buddhist texts w…
བཤགས་པ་
Transliteration: bshags pa
I. <verb> Past of v.t. འཆགས་པ་ q.v.
II. <verb> Past of v.t. གཤོག་པ་ q.v.
III. <noun> From verb meaning I above, "a laying aside". "a letting go". The word བཤགས་པ་ is usually translated as "confession" but there are considerable problems with this. Firstly, བཤགས་པ་ has the specific meaning of "letting go of something", "dropping it", "parting ways with it". It is important to note …