THE ILLUMINATOR

Tibetan-English
Encyclopaedic Dictionary

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འདང་བ་
Transliteration: 'dang ba
<verb> v.i. འདངས་པ་/ འདང་བ་/ འདང་བ་//. For the correct amount to have happened, hence, "to come up to / be enough" and also "to be sufficient / just right". E.g., [TC] མི་གྲངས་ལྔ་བཅུ་ཐམ་པ་འདངས་མ་སོང་། "the head count wasn't enough for there to be fifty / didn't come up to fifty"; ལོ་གཅིག་གི་འཚོ་བའི་ཆ་རྐྱེན་འདངས་ལ་ཁད་ཅིག་འདུག "there is enough for a year's provisions put in one parcel"; རས་གོ…
ག་འདྲ་
Transliteration: ga 'dra
<interrogative> 1) "How?" 2) "Like what, what sort / kind of?".
འདི་འདྲ་
Transliteration: 'di 'dra
1) "Like this" meaning similar to this. 2) "Like this" meaning "such as this".
འདལ་བ་
Transliteration: 'dal ba
<verb> v.i. འདལ་བ་/ འདལ་བ་/ འདལ་བ་//. Transitive form is བདལ་བ་ q.v. Related to གདལ་བ་ q.v. "To run out over, to spread out across (an area)". In the case only of ink that runs and makes letters unreadable, it could also be translated as "to blur". E.g., [TC] སྣག་ཚ་འདིས་ཡི་གེ་བྲིས་ན་འདལ་ནས་ཀློག་མི་ཐུབ་པ་ཞིག་ཆགས་ཡོང་། "this particular ink, when used for writing runs and, being unreadable, is…
འདར་བ་
Transliteration: 'dar ba
<verb> v.i. འདར་བ་/ འདར་བ་/ འདར་བ་//. With the basic meaning "to quiver back and forth", the verb is used to cover a wide variety of situations many of which have their own terminology in English. E.g., "to tremble" or e.g., like someone trembling / quivering / shuddering with fear; like a flag fluttering; like a vein pulsating, like someone shivering. E.g., [TC] གྲང་བས་འདར་བ། "to shiver fr…
འདུ་བ་
Transliteration: 'du ba
I. <verb> v.i. འདུས་པ་/ འདུ་བ་/ འདུ་བ་/ འདུས་/. Transitive form is སྡུད་པ་ q.v. The basic meaning is "to come together" or "to be together". These words imply the idea of things coming together in an accumulation, however the meaning "to accumulate" is given by སོགས་པ་ q.v. Furthermore, the words imply things coming together in an assemblage of some kind but that meaning is given by ཚོགས་པ་…
ཀུནྡ་ཨུཏྤལ་འདྲ་
Transliteration: kunda autpala 'dra
<phrase> "Like Datura and Utpala flowers". This phrase is used to show that something does not change from one thing to another. For example, good karma does not change to bad and vice verse. Datura is white and Utpala is dark blue, the former is poisonous, the latter not. E.g., ཨུཏྤལ་དང་ཀུ་མུ་དའི་ཚོགས་དང་འདྲ་སྟེ་གཅིག་ནས་གཅིག་ཏུ་མི་འགྱུར་བ་ "Like a bunch of Utpala and Datura flowers, one do…
གཏོད་པ་
Transliteration: gtod pa
I. <verb> v.t. བཏོད་པ་/ གཏོད་པ་/ གཏོད་པ་/ གཏོད་/. "To newly create or start something", "to start up or set in motion" usually in regard to a system or invention. E.g., [ZGT] འཁྲུལ་སྣང་རིགས་མི་འདྲ་བ་གོམས་པ་གཏོད་པ་ལ་དགོས་པ་ཅི་ཞིག་ཏུ་འགྱུར། "it becomes something needed for starting up new habits of the various types of confused appearances". In the phrase གསར་དུ་གཏོད་པ། "to inaugurate", e.g.,…
ཇི་འདྲ་
Transliteration: ji 'dra
<phrase> This can be both interrogative and not. "What is something / someone like?" and "What something / someone is like". The term is similar to ཇི་ལྟར་ but there is more emphasis on painting a picture that describes the qualities of the thing being discussed.
ཅི་འདྲ་
Transliteration: ci 'dra
<ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> A compound connector with meaning similar to གང་འདྲ་ but having the restrictive rather than general sense. It means "like which" or "consonant with which". When the connector ཞིག་ is joined to it, in ཅི་འདྲ་ཞིག་ it means what specific kind of a thing or person. E.g., དེ་ལྟར་གཞག་པའི་སེམས་ཀྱི་ངོ་བོ་དེ་ཅི་འདྲ་ཞིག་འདུག་བལྟའོ། "Look to see what kind of thing is the es…
འདྲ་པར་
Transliteration: 'dra par
<noun> "Pattern" or "plan", a drawing of a real thing used as a basis for constructing a replica, e.g., the pattern used in sewing.
འདོར་བ་
Transliteration: 'dor ba
<verb> v.t. དོར་བ་/ འདོར་བ་/ དོར་བ་/ དོར་/. "To throw out / away" in the sense "to give up on and cast away", "to discard", "to abandon". Similar to སྤོང་བ་ q.v. but this has the direct sense of tossing away, tossing out where that has the sense of giving up on something and not doing it anymore. E.g., ཁ་ལུད་འདོར་བ་ "to spit (out phlegm, etc)" would never be given as ཁ་ལུད་སྤོང་བ་. E.g., [T…
འདྲ་འབག་
Transliteration: 'dra 'bag
<noun> Lit. "replica", "likeness", "resemblance", "representation", "model" and sometimes even just "mask". See also འབག་ q.v.
འདུར་བ་
Transliteration: 'dur ba
I. <verb> v.i. འདུར་བ་/ འདུར་བ་/ འདུར་བ་//. 1) "To trot", i.e., to go by the steady and medium pace of travelling called "trotting". E.g., [TC] རྟ་བཞོན་ཏེ་འདུར་ནས་ཕྱིན་པ། "he rode the horse at a trot". 2) For something to soften and "to fall apart" into the fibres, etc. E.g., for paper or meat to fall apart into fibres. This is usually used in reference to things that fall apart due to soak…
འདེང་བ་
Transliteration: 'deng ba
<verb> 1) "To go" off somewhere. E.g., [MMM] ལྷོ་དཔལ་གྱི་རི་ལ་འདེང་ངོ་ཞེས་ཟེར་རོ། "(the emissaries of Saraha said to Marpa) will you go Glory Mountain in the South?". 2) Sometimes seen as a mis-spelling of འདང་བ་ q.v.
འདོང་བ་
Transliteration: 'dong ba
<verb> v.i. དོང་བ་/ འདོང་བ་/ འདོང་བ་/ དེངས་/. Acc. [LGK] this term was revised during the སྐད་གསར་བཅད་ language revisions and meant, when written in new signs, འགྲོ་བ་ with meaning as follows. It means "to go to another place from here". E.g., [TC] རང་གནས་སུ་དེངས་ཤིག "go to your own place!"; གོས་འཁྲུད་དུ་འདོང་། "going (off) to wash the clothes".
གང་འདྲ་
Transliteration: gang 'dra
<ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> A compound connector with meaning similar to ཅི་འདྲ་ but having the general rather than restrictive sense. It means "like what". When the connector ཞིག་ is joined to it, in གང་འདྲ་ཞིག་ it means what kind of a thing or person.
འདིང་བ་
Transliteration: 'ding ba
<verb> v.t. བཏིང་བ་/ འདིང་བ་/ གཏིང་བ་/ ཐིང་/. Generally meaning, "to lay out". 1) For physical things, "to lay out" meaning "to spread and lay out" on the ground. E.g., "to lay out a mat on the ground"; "to spread / strew / scatter / sprinkle flowers out (on the ground) before a deity". E.g., [TC] ལམ་དུ་རྡོ་བཅལ་བཏིང་བ། "to spread / lay crushed rock on the road"; བཞུགས་གདན་འདིང་བ། "to spread…
འདུལ་བ་
Transliteration: 'dul ba
I. <verb> v.t. བཏུལ་བ་/ འདུལ་བ་/ གདུལ་བ་/ ཐུལ་/. Intransitive form is ཐུལ་བ་ q.v. This verb is used with a wide set of connotations. The basic meaning is to take something which has a behaviour that is coarse or undesirable or not in accord with reality or not in accord with some desired mode and to modify it, adjust it, train it, break it in so that it now behaves in a way that is desired,…
མཚང་འདྲུ་བ་
Transliteration: mtshang 'dru ba
<verb> v.t. see འདྲུ་བ་ for verb tenses. "To dig out / pry out the faulty actions / mistakes / wrongs" that a person has done but is not letting on about. E.g., to question a child specifically to get them to admit to something naughty that they have done. E.g., it has the sense for example in "under questioning a confession of their མཚང་ criminal actions (which they were not admitting to) …
གོ་བ་
Transliteration: go ba
I. <verb> v.i. གོ་བ་/ གོ་བ་/ གོ་བ་//. Transitive form is ཉན་པ་ q.v. 1) "To hear and know what has been heard". It has exactly the same significance as the use of "to hear" in English when a parent says to a child, "Did you hear me?" meaning "Did you hear and understand what I said?" The child replies back, "I heard you!" meaning "Yes, I heard and understood!" E.g., [TC] གོ་བ་བརྒྱ་ལས་མཐོང་བ་…