THE ILLUMINATOR

Tibetan-English
Encyclopaedic Dictionary

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ཉི་ཟླ་
Transliteration: nyi zla
<phrase> An abbrev. of ཉི་མ་ and ཟླ་བ་; "the sun and moon". 1) In both Hindu and Buddhist systems a sun disk above a crescent moon is a common ornament. The great god Śhiva for instance has such in his topknot; in Buddhism, it is the topmost ornament of a stūpa; etc. 2) It is a common way in Indian and hence Tibetan literature of referring to something that is universally known; every livin…
སྤ་ཚབ་ལོཙྪབ་
Transliteration: spa tshab lotstshaba
<noun> "Patshab Lotsawa" [1055-Unknown]. Full name: སྤ་ཚབ་ལོཙྪབ་ཉི་མ་གྲགས་ "Translator Patshab, Famed as the Sun". An important translator connected with the bringing of Maitreya's Dharma lineage into Tibet. As a young man he went down to Kashmir and studied with the two sons of the great lineage holder of Maitreya's dharma, Sajjana, for twenty-three years. His son's chief son, རྨ་བྱ་བྱང་བར…
བཞུད་པ་
Transliteration: bzhud pa
<verb> v.i. བཞུད་པ་/ བཞུད་པ་/ བཞུད་པ་/ བཞུད་/. [Hon] for འགྲོ་བ་ "to go" and འོང་བ་ "to come" q.v. Hence similar to འབྱོན་པ་ and ཕེབས་པ་ q.v. The verb often has the sense of departure. E.g., [TC] རང་རང་གི་གནས་སུ་བཞུད་དེ་བདེ་བར་གནས་སོ།། "each person departed to their own place and stayed comfortably there"; ཉི་མ་ལར་བཞུད་ཚར་འདུག "sunlight on the pass has finished"; ལམ་དུ་བཞུད་པ། "to go on the…
ཁ་དོག་གི་ཡན་ལག་བརྒྱད་
Transliteration: kha dog gi yan lag brgyad
<enum> "The eight components of colour". These are the eight visual appearances which are listed as the component colours of visual form in the abhidharma literature. They are [JKE]: 1) སྤྲིན་པ་ "cloudiness"; 2) དུ་བ་ "smokiness"; 3) རྡུལ་ "dustiness"; 4) ཁུག་སྣ་ "haziness"; 5) ཉི་མ་ "light"; 6) གྲིབ་མ་ "shade"; 7) སྣང་བ་ "visibleness"; 8) མུན་པ་ "obscurity".
འཇིག་རྟེན་སྐྱོང་བ་བཅུ་བཞི་
Transliteration: 'jig rten skyong ba bcu bzhi
<phrase> "The Fourteen Guardians of the World". Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "lokapāla". Acc. [NDS] they are the འཇིག་རྟེན་སྐྱོང་བ་བཅུ་ "Ten Guardians of the World" plus the following four: 11) ཟླ་བ་ [Skt. candra] "Moon"; 12) ཉི་མ་ [Skt. surya] "Sun"; 13) ས་ [Skt. pṛthvī] "Earth"; 14) ལྷ་མིན་ [Skt. asura] "Demigod".
These are related to ཕྱོགས་སྐྱོང་བཅོ་ལྔ་ "The Fifteen Guardians of the …
མིང་གི་རྣམ་གྲངས་
Transliteration: ming gi rnam grangs
<phrase> "Enumerations of a name / words". This term refers to a list of words which is given in relation to one word where the words in the list are equivalents for the word given. The words in the list are not necessarily synonyms but might also be poetic terms for the same, ` words for the same, or metaphors for the same. E.g., ཉིན་བྱེད་ lit. "day-maker" is an མིང་གི་རྣམ་གྲངས་ enumeratio…
གྲིབ་མ་
Transliteration: grib ma
<noun> "Shade". The "shade" which is due to direct sunlight being blocked. 2) "Shade". Translation of the Sanskrit "chāyā". "Shade" is one of the ཁ་དོག་གི་ཡན་ལག་བརྒྱད་ "eight components of colour" and one of the ཡུལ་གཟུགས་ཀྱི་རང་བཞིན་ "natures of the visual form object" q.v. It specifically means things which are in the shade as opposed to being in the sunlight. It has the sense of being "d…
ཕྱོགས་སྐྱོང་བཅོ་ལྔ་
Transliteration: phyogs skyong bco lnga
<phrase> "The fifteen guardians of the (fifteen) directions". The ཕྱོགས་སྐྱོང་བཅུ་ ten guardians of the directions with five added. [DGT] gives as: 1) to 10) the ཕྱོགས་སྐྱོང་བཅུ་ ten guardians of the directions q.v.; 11) ཉེ་དབང་ meaning "Viṣhṇu" the great god; 12) ཚོགས་བདག་ "Ganapati" meaning "Ganesh" the son of Śhiva; 13) ཉི་མ་ "Surya" meaning the sun personified"; 14) ཟླ་བ་ "Chandra" mean…
གསལ་སྣང་
Transliteration: gsal snang
<phrase> 1) To appear clearly, to come into full appearance. In Buddhist texts this is often used like this ཆོས་དེ་དག་མེད་བཞིན་དུ་གསལ་སྣང་བ་ "while those dharmas are non-existent they are clearly appearing". In some texts on ཁྲེགས་ཆོད་ Thorough Cut of Great Completion, in the phrase the མེད་གསལ་སྣང་, the གསལ་ sometimes refers to luminosity rather than meaning simply "clear" e.g., མེད་གསལ་སྣ…
ལྷག་གེ་བ་
Transliteration: lhag ge ba
<adj>phrase> [Exp] An མྱོང་ཚིག་ experiential language term. "Distinctly" as in "sticking out" and being "obvious". According to Tibetan explanations, this term has the two connotations of being 1) གསལ་པོ་ clear and 2) མངོན་པ་ evident, directly apparent. I.e., it has the connotations of being both clear and not obscured or partially hidden. E.g., ནམ་མཁའ་ལ་སྤྲིན་འཐིབ་པའི་ཚེ་ཉི་མ་སྤྲིན་གྱིས…
གཞོལ་བ་
Transliteration: gzhol ba
I. <verb> v.t. གཞོལ་བ་/ གཞོལ་བ་/ གཞོལ་བ་/ གཞོལ་/. 1) Meaning "to be industrious", "to apply oneself diligently", "to be conscientious". E.g., [TC] ལས་ཀར་གཞོལ་བ། "to do the work diligently; སློབ་སྦྱོང་ལ་གཞོལ་བ། "diligent at studies". 2) Meaning specifically for the mind / intellect "to engage something and stay with it". E.g., [TC] བློ་རིག་ཡོད་དགུ་རྩེ་གཅིག་ཏུ་གཞོལ་བ། "to engage in the variou…
གུ་རུ་མཚན་བརྒྱད་
Transliteration: gu ru mtshan brgyad
<phrase> "The eight manifestations of Guru Rinpoche". Padmasaṃbhava, who, as the great guru of the Tibetans, was called གུ་རུ་རིན་པོ་ཆེ་ Guru Rinpoche, had eight emanations, some of which were peaceful, some of which were semi-wrathful, and some of which were wrathful: 1) གུ་རུ་ཤཱཀྱ་སེངྒེ་ Guru Śhākya Senge; 2) གུ་རུ་པདྨ་སམྦྷ་ཝ་ Guru Padmasaṃbhava; 3) གུ་རུ་ཉི་མ་འོད་ཟེར་ Guru Nyima Ozer; 4)…
གཤོམ་པ་
Transliteration: gshom pa
<verb> v.t. བཤམས་པ་/ གཤོམ་པ་/ བཤམ་པ་/ ཤོམས་/. "To layout in preparation for", "to set up or set out", "to lay out" and "to get ready for", "to make preparations for". E.g., [TC] གྲབས་གཤོམ། "to do the set up"; སྒྲིག་གཤོམ། "to make the preparations"; སྟོན་མོ་བཤམས་ཏེ་སྐུ་མགྲོན་གདན་འདྲེན་ཞུ། "having laid out the feast, the guests were invited"; གཡུལ་གཤོམ་པ། "to get ready for battle". In Buddhis…
ཁྲུད་མ་
Transliteration: khrud ma
<noun> 1) "Wash", the act of washing something clean. E.g., [TC] ནས་ལ་ཁྲུད་མ་བརྒྱབ་ནས་ཉི་མར་བསྐམས། "Having given the barley a wash, it was dried in the sun". 2) "Washings". The dirty water that results from given something a wash.
གདུགས་
Transliteration: gdugs
I. Acc. [LGK] this term was revised during the སྐད་གསར་བཅད་ language revisions and meant, when written in new signs, 1) <noun> ཉི་མ་ "the sun" or 2) <adv> ཉིན་པར་ "in the daytime".
II. <noun>1) Any canopy for providing shade from the sun; "a parasol", "umbrella"; same as ཉི་གདུགས་ q.v. In combination with other words can mean a canopy for shelter from other elements e.g., ཆར་གདུག…
ནུབ་པ་
Transliteration: nub pa
<verb> v.i. ནུབ་པ་/ ནུབ་པ་/ ནུབ་པ་//. Transitive form is སྣུབ་པ་ q.v. 1) For planets and stars to sink over the horizon and become invisible. Hence "to set", "to sink", "to subside", and "to go down". E.g., ཉི་མ་ནུབ་སོང་། "the sun has set". 2) "To sink" or "to subside" into water. E.g., [TC] གྲུ་གཟིངས་རྒྱ་མཚོའི་གཏིང་དུ་ནུབ། "the ship sank into the ocean depths". 3) For a system that has bee…
ལྡེབ་མ་
Transliteration: ldeb ma
<noun> 1) "Sheet", "leaf" of paper, etc. 2) "Folio". In the language of དཔེ་ཆ་ Tibetan books, this is used to refer to "a folio". In the Tibetan book system, page numbering was not done by numbering the individual sides of a page as in the European tradition but was done by numbering the individual pages, i.e., folios of the volume. The དཀར་ཆག་ at the beginning of the volume would always li…
སྒྲིབ་པ་
Transliteration: sgrib pa
I. <verb> v.t. བསྒྲིབས་པ་/ སྒྲིབ་པ་/ བསྒྲིབ་པ་/ སྒྲིབས་/. Intransitive form is འགྲིབ་པ་ q.v. Meaning "to cover something so that it is obscured or concealed". Hence "to veil", "to obscure". E.g., [TC] ཉི་མ་སྤྲིན་པས་བསྒྲིབས་པ། "the sun was obscured by clouds"; བློ་རིག་སྒྲིབ་པ། "his intellect was obscured (meaning his intellect was not clear and brilliant)"; སྨུག་པ་འཐིབས་ནས་མིག་ལམ་སྒྲིབ་པ། "f…
བྱིངས་
Transliteration: byings
<noun> "Root". Translation of the Sanskrit "dhātu". This word is a key term of Sanskrit grammar. It refers to the "roots" of words of a language which are brought into use in the language by modifying them as needed. The Sanskrit grammar term for the modification, translated into Tibetan, is རྣམ་འགྱུར་ "morphological change". The actual meaning of the Sanskrit term is "basis" meaning "basis…
འཕྲོ་བ་
Transliteration: 'phro ba
<verb> v.i. འཕྲོས་པ་/ འཕྲོ་བ་/ འཕྲོ་བ་//. Transitive form is སྤྲོ་བ་ q.v. 1) For something such as light "to be created and to radiate out". Hence "to radiate" and also "to proceed from", "to emanate", "to be given off", "to be emitted". E.g., [TC] ཉི་མ་ནས་ཚ་ཟེར་ཆེམ་ཆེམ་དུ་འཕྲོས་པ། "waves of heat radiated from the sun"; བདེ་སྐྱིད་ཀྱི་འོད་ཟེར་ཕྱོགས་ཀུན་ཏུ་འཕྲོས། "the light rays of peace and …
རླབས་པོ་
Transliteration: rlabs po
<noun> Lit. "wave" but meaning "energy" or "force" (just as modern physics talks of energy being carried in a wave (e.g., x-rays have high energy)). In conjunction with other words, this functions as an adjective to indicate intensity of the noun or phrase being modified including the idea of effectiveness. Freq. seen as རླབས་པོ་ཆེ་ which is a further intensification of the meaning: "great …
གཟུགས་ཉེར་ལྔ་
Transliteration: gzugs nyer lnga
<enum> "The twenty-five (aspects of visible) form". One of the enumerations of visible forms in Buddhist texts gives it in twenty-five aspects. [JKE] gives as: 1) སྔོན་པོ་ "blue"; 2) སེར་པོ་ "yellow"; 3) དམར་པོ་ "red"; 4) དཀར་པོ་ "white"; 5) རིང་པོ་ "long"; 6) ཐུང་ངུ་ "short"; 7) ལྷག་པ་ "; 8) ཟླུམ་པོ་ "rounded"; 9) རྡུལ་ཕྲ་མོ་ "fine particles"; 10) རྡུལ་རགས་པ་ "coarse particles"; 11) མཐོ་བ་…
སྒྲོལ་མ་
Transliteration: sgrol ma
<noun> 1) "Tārā". Translation of the Sanskrit "tāra". The name of a deity. Precisely stated, her name means "she who liberates or frees from" and thus her name is often translated as "Saviouress". Her name is derived from her particular quality that arose due to aspirations made in an earlier life in front of the Buddha of that time, that she would manifest in the future as a principle that…
རྣམ་པར་སྨིན་པའི་སེམས་བསྐྱེད་དགུ་
Transliteration: rnam par smin pa'i sems bskyed dgu
<phrase> "Nine arousals of mind of full ripening". The first to third correspond to the bodhicitta aroused by the bodhisatvas of the eighth, ninth, and tenth bhumis respectively. The fourth to eighth are varying facets of bodhicitta aroused by the buddhas dwelling on the three bhumis of purity. The last is again a bodhicitta aroused by the bodhisatva of the tenth bhumi. They are: 1) ཡིད་བཞི…