THE ILLUMINATOR

Tibetan-English
Encyclopaedic Dictionary

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བྱེད་པ་བཅུ་གཅིག་
Transliteration: byed pa bcu gcig
<noun> "The eleven calculators" of astrology; they are used as the markers of the results of the calculations of the planets and stars. They are: 1) གདབ་པ་; 2) བྱིས་པ་; 3) དགེ་བ་; 4) ཏིལ་རྡུང་; 5) ཁྱིམ་སྐྱེས་; 6) ཚོང་པ་; 7) པིཥྚི་; 8) བཀྲ་ཤིས་; 9) བཞི་མདོ་; 10) ཀླུ་; 11) མི་སྡུག་པ་ q.v.

ས་བཞི་པའི་ཡོངས་སྦྱོང་བཅུ་
Transliteration: sa bzhi pa'i yongs sbyong bcu
<enum> [JKE] gives as: 1) དབེན་པའི་ནགས་ན་གནས་པ་ ""; 2) འདོད་པ་ཆུང་བ་ ""; 3) ཆོག་ཤེས་པ་ ""; 4) སྦྱངས་པའི་ཡོན་ཏན་ལ་ཡིད་དམ་པ་ ""; 5) བསླབ་ཁྲིམས་ཡོངས་སུ་མི་གཏོང་བ་ ""; 6) འདོད་པའི་ཡོན་ཏན་ལ་སྨོད་པ་ ""; 7) གདུལ་བྱ་སོ་སོའི་སྐལ་བ་དང་འཚམས་པའི་ཆོས་སྟོན་ཅིང་མྱང་འདས་ལ་གཞོལ་བ་ ""; 8) བདོག་པ་ཀུན་གཏོང་བ་ ""; 9) དགེ་བ་སྒྲུབ་པ་ལ་སེམས་མི་ཞུམ་པ་ ""; 10) མངོན་ཞེན་གྱི་ལྟ་བ་མེད་པ་ "".

མ་བྱིན་པར་ལེན་པ་
Transliteration: ma byin par len pa
I. <verb> v.t. see ལེན་པ་ for tense forms. Lit. "to take what has not been given" and meaning to take anything which is not one's own and which has not been offered or otherwise presented to one for one's own use.
II. <noun> 1) Generally, "stealing", "taking what was not given /offered". 2) "Taking what has not been given". Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "adattādānam". Specifically,…

རྗེས་སུ་ཡི་རང་སྒོམ་ལམ་གཉིས་
Transliteration: rjes su yi rang sgom lam gnyis
<enum> The two sub-topics of རྗེས་སུ་ཡི་རང་སྒོམ་ལམ་ q.v. [JKE] gives as: 1) ཐབས་མཁས་པས་དགེ་བའི་རྩ་བ་ལ་ཡི་རང་བ་ "through skill in means rejoicing in roots of virtue"; 2) དམིགས་པས་དགེ་བའི་རྩ་བ་ལ་ཡི་རང་བ་ "through imagination rejoicing in roots of virtue".

སྲོག་གཅོད་པ་
Transliteration: srog gcod pa
I. <verb> v.t. see གཅོད་པ་ for tense forms. Lit. "to end a life". Hence "to kill", "to take life". Note that སྲོག་ life here is defined as the life of a སེམས་ཅན་ sentient being. Acc. to Buddhism, only sentient beings have a life; plants, etc., do not. Hence "to kill" here means specifically to end the life of a being who has a mind.
II. <gerundial>phrase> and <phrase> per the …

ཕུང་པོ་གསུམ་པ་
Transliteration: phung po gsum pa
Translation of the Sanskrit [MVP] "triskandhakam".
I. <noun> "The (Sūtra of the) Three Heaps". Abbrev. of ལྟུང་བཤགས་ལ་ཕུང་པོ་གསུམ་པའི་མདོ་, a sūtra for the purpose of laying aside evil.
II. <phrase> "The three heaps". These are three heaps in relation to the laying aside of evil.
1) [TC] gives as: 1) སྡིག་པ་བཤགས་པ་ "laying aside of evil"; 2) རྗེས་སུ་ཡི་རང་བ་ "rejoicing"; and 3) དགེ་བ་བསྔ…

ཤིན་ཏུ་མི་བཟད་པ་
Transliteration: shin tu mi bzad pa
<adj>phrase> In reference to something which is so strong that it cannot be withstood; nothing can stand before it, it will overcome everything. In one sense it is "unstoppable", "just cannot be withstood". E.g., [BCA] དེ་ལྟས་དགེ་བ་ཉམ་ཆུང་ཉིད་ལ་རྟག །སྡིག་པ་སྟོབས་ཆེན་ཤིན་ཏུ་མི་བཟད་པ། །དེ་ནི་རྫོགས་པའི་བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་མིན་པ། །དགེ་གཞན་གང་གིས་ཟིལ་གྱིས་གནོན་པར་འགྱུར། "Thus, virtue being perpetual…

ཟག་པ་དང་བཅས་པ་
Transliteration: zag pa dang bcas pa
<phrase> "With outflows", "having outflows". Translation of the Sanskrit "sāsrava". Commonly abbrev. to ཟག་བཅས་; most related listings are under that. Opp. is ཟག་པ་མེད་པ་ q.v.
A specific technical term of Buddhism meaning that a given situation has outflows. Outflow means that, from the undisturbed primordial mind, the various afflictions have "flowed out". This is commonly translated as bei…

ཐོག་མཐའ་བར་
Transliteration: thog mtha' bar
<phrase> "Beginning, middle, end". 1) Used to indicate the beginning, middle and end of something. This phrase is often used when speaking of dharma which the Buddha himself pointed out was ཐོག་མཐའ་བར་གསུམ་དུ་དགེ་བ་ good at all times—in the beginning, middle, and end. 2) Used sometimes to indicate lack of dimensionality or lack of discontinuity in time. This usage is usually seen in the hig…

དགེ་སློང་གི་རྩ་བའི་ལྟུང་བ་བཞི་
Transliteration: dge slong gi rtsa ba'i ltung ba bzhi
<phrase> "The four root downfalls of a bhikṣhu". These are also known as the ཕམ་པ་བཞི་ four defeats" q.v. [DGT] gives as: 1) མི་ཚངས་པར་སྤྱོད་པ་ "non-brahmachārya conduct"; 2) མ་བྱིན་པར་ལེན་པ་ "taking what was not given"; 3) སྲོག་གཅོད་པ་ "killing"; 4) རྫུན་དུ་སྨྲ་བ་ "telling a lie".
The ordinations of fully ordained nun, and of male and female novices also have the same four root downfalls.

སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆུང་བ་
Transliteration: skyes bu chung ba
"The lesser person" or "person of inferior scope". This indicates the middle one of the སྐྱེས་བུ་གསུམ་ three beings q.v. It shows the person of lesser capacity. The term means སྐྱེས་བུ་ཆུང་བའི་བློ་ "the person of lesser mental capacity". It refers to a person whose mental horizon can only encompass goodness at a worldly level. This person is defined in the ལམ་རིམ་ "graded stages" literature as so…

བརྩོན་འགྲུས་རྣམ་པ་གསུམ་
Transliteration: brtson 'grus rnam pa gsum
<enum> "The three types of perseverance". Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "vīryam trividhaṃ". Perseverance in the བརྩོན་འགྲུས་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པ་ pāramitā of perseverance is explained as being of three types.
[NDS] gives as: 1) གོ་ཆའི་བརྩོན་འགྲུས་ "armour-like perseverance"; 2) སྦྱོར་བའི་བརྩོན་འགྲུས་ "applied perseverance"; 3) ཡོངས་སུ་མཐར་ཐུག་པའི་བརྩོན་འགྲུས་ "overall ultimate perseveranc…

རིག་གྲོལ་དགེ་འདུན་
Transliteration: rig grol dge 'dun
<phrase> "The saṅgha of intelligence and liberation". Abbrev. of རིག་པ་དང་གྲོལ་བ་ལྡན་གྱི་དགེ་འདུན་. The Buddhist saṅgha is said to have many characteristics. The Sūtra on the Recollection of the Three Jewels mentions many of them. Of the ones mentioned in that text, two are mentioned here: རིག་པ་ and གྲོལ་བ་ which refer to the fact that the saṅgha has insight and has liberation because of i…

དགེ་བསྙེན་གསུམ་
Transliteration: dge bsnyen gsum
<phrase> "Three kinds of upāsaka", "three kinds of layman". According to the འདུལ་བ་ Vinaya, a དགེ་བསྙེན་ layman in the Buddhist tradition is a person who has taken the refuge vow and one or more of the five layman's vows. Laymen can be divided into དགེ་བསྙེན་དྲུག་ six categories q.v. or three categories. When divided into three, they are: 1) a layman who takes only one (it can be any of th…

དཀར་པོ་
Transliteration: dkar po
I. The colour "white".
A. In general. 1) This can either mean the colour white itself or can refer to tints of other colours. (Tints of colours are colours which are lightened by the addition of white compared with shades which are darkened by the addition of black see ནག་པོ་). E.g., ལྗང་གུ་ is the colour green and ལྗང་དཀར་ is the "pale green" or "light green" tint or colour produced by mixing whi…

ཡོན་ཏན་ཐམས་ཅད་འགྲུབ་པའི་བསམ་གཏན་
Transliteration: yon tan thams cad 'grub pa'i bsam gtan
<name> "The meditative absorption of all good qualities being accomplished", the name of the second of the three divisions of meditative absorption in the paramita of meditation. Longchen explains it as: དགེ་བ་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པ་དྲུག་ལ་སོགས་པ་བསྒྲུབ་དུས་སེམས་རྩེ་གཅིག་པའི་ཆའི་བསམ་གཏན་ཡིན་ནོ། "The meditative absorption that is the factor of one-pointed mind in the accomplishment of virtue such a…

ངོམས་པ་
Transliteration: ngoms pa
I. <verb> Past of v.t. ངོམ་པ་ q.v.
II. <verb> v.i. ངོམས་པ་/ ངོམས་པ་/ ངོམས་པ་//. "To be satisfied" in the sense of have one's desire or need quenched / satiated. In some cases, "to be enough" is more suitable. E.g., [MDR] དགེ་བ་འདོད་པ་ཅན་གྱིས་ནོར་རྫས་གསོག་པ་ལྟར་ངོམས་པ་མེད་པར་དལ་མེད་དུ་གསོག་དགོས། "you must accumulate virtue like those who want material things, not being satisfied with wh…

ས་གཉིས་པའི་ཡོངས་སྦྱོང་བརྒྱད་
Transliteration: sa gnyis pa'i yongs sbyong brgyad
<enum> [JKE] gives as: 1) དུས་རྟག་ཏུ་ཚུལ་ཁྲིམས་གསུམ་རྣམ་པར་དག་པ་ ""; 2) གཞན་གྱི་ཕན་བཏགས་པ་ལ་བྱས་པ་གཟོ་བ་ ""; 3) གནོད་པ་ཅི་བྱུང་ཡང་བཟོད་པ་ ""; 4) དུས་རྟག་ཏུ་དགེ་བ་ལ་སྤྲོ་བའི་དགའ་བ་ ""; 5) སེམས་ཅན་རྣམས་ལ་སྙིང་རྗེ་ཆེ་བ་ ""; 6) མཁན་སློབ་སོགས་ལ་འདུད་ཅིང་བཀུར་བསྟི་བྱེད་པ་ ""; 7) བླ་མ་རྣམས་ལ་གུས་པས་ཆོ་ཉན་པ་ ""; 8) སྦྱིན་སོགས་ཕར་ཕྱིན་རྣམས་ལ་དུས་རྟག་ཏུ་བརྩོན་པ་ "".

སྐྱེས་བུ་འབྲིང་བ་
Transliteration: skyes bu 'bring ba
"The middling person" or "person of middling scope". This indicates the middle one of the སྐྱེས་བུ་གསུམ་ three beings q.v. This indicates the middle one of the སྐྱེས་བུ་གསུམ་ three beings q.v. It shows the person of middling capacity. One translator gives "mediocre" but it is not that the person is mediocre per se, it is that the person is of mediocre ability or scope, i.e., the term means སྐྱེས་…

དགེ་བསྙེན་དྲུག་
Transliteration: dge bsnyen drug
<phrase> "The six laypersons". According to the འདུལ་བ་ Vinaya, a དགེ་བསྙེན་ layman in the Buddhist tradition is a person who has taken the refuge vow and one or more of the five layman's vows. Laymen can be divided into དགེ་བསྙེན་གསུམ་ six categories q.v. or three categories. When divided into six, they are as follows. The first level takes only refuge and no vows of personal liberation. T…

བལྟར་མི་མཐོང་བ་
Transliteration: bltar mi mthong ba
<adj>phrase> "Unseen" in the sense of not seen even when looked at. E.g., [HUC] བདག་གི་སྤྱི་གཙུག་བལྟར་མི་མཐོང་བའི་དགེ་བའི་རྩ་བ་བསགས་པར་འགྱུར་བ་ "I will have accumulated the roots of virtue of my unseen crown protuberance".

སྔོ་བ་
Transliteration: sngo ba
I. <verb> v.t. བསྔོས་པ་/ སྔོ་བ་/ བསྔོ་བ་/ སྔོས/. 1) "To assess the relative extent of things". E.g., [TC] སྐྱོན་ཡོན་བསྔོ་བ། "will assess the faults and advantages"; བླང་དོར་སྔོ་བ། "to assess acceptable and unacceptable (what is to be taken up and rejected)"; ཁེ་གྱོང་ཕན་གནོད་ཇི་ཡོང་བསྔོས་པ། "assessed the gain and loss, benefit and harm that would happen". 2) "To dedicate". E.g., [TC] གཞན་དོན…

ཕྲ་མ་
Transliteration: phra ma
<noun> "Divisive talk (or speech)". Although this term is usually translated into English with "slander" (or occasionally its equivalent calumny), that is not the meaning of the term. Slander / calumny is the defamation of another using false speech. This term does not have the meaning not of defamation per se but of saying things for the specific purpose of causing disharmony / discord bet…

དཀར་
Transliteration: dkar
A basic intertsheg of the Tibetan language that provides several meanings related to the idea of white, bright, and so on. It is the opposite of ནག་ which contains the opposite range of meanings such as black, dark, and so on. It is combined with various other མིང་ grammatical names or ཚིག་ཕྲད་ connectors to give words that contain its meaning e.g., the most common one, དཀར་པོ་ with its various m…

སྦྱོར་བ་ཉེར་བདུན་
Transliteration: sbyor ba nyer bdun
<phrase> "The twenty seven conjunctions" meaning coincidences of stars and planets. These are twenty-seven aspects of astrological conjunction that are inspected when making astrological calculations in the Tibetan system. From [TC] in its entirety:
The twenty seven coincidences in astrology: (1) སེལ་བ་; (2) མཛའ་བོ་; (3) ཚེ་དང་ལྡན་པ་; (4) སྐལ་བཟང་; (5) བཟང་པོ་; (6) ཤིན་ཏུ་སྐྲངས་པ་; (7) ལས་བཟ…