འཁྱུད་པ་
Transliteration: 'khyud pa
I. <verb> v.t. འཁྱུད་པ་/ འཁྱུད་པ་/ འཁྱུད་པ་/ འཁྱུད་/. 1) For one thing "to embrace" another thing in general; it does not only refer to humans embracing although it is used for that. When speaking of humans, it includes the idea of "hugging" though the specific term for that is འཐམ་པ་ q.v., e.g., འཁྱུད་འཐམ་ "hugging embrace". E.g., [TC] བུ་ཕྲུག་དགའ་ནས་ཨ་མ་ལ་འཁྱུད་པ། "the child embraced the …
ས་བདུན་པའི་ཡོངས་སྦྱོང་ཉི་ཤུ་
Transliteration: sa bdun pa'i yongs sbyong nyi shu
<enum> [JKE] gives as: 1) བདག་ཏུ་འཛིན་པ་ ""; 2) སེམས་ཅན་དུ་འཛིན་པ་ ""; 3) སྲོག་ཏུ་འཛིན་པ་ ""; 4) གང་ཟག་ཏུ་འཛིན་པ་ ""; 5) ཆད་པའི་མཐར་འཛིན་པ་ ""; 6) རྟག་པའི་མཐར་འཛིན་པ་ ""; 7) མཚན་མར་འཛིན་པ་ ""; 8) རྒྱུར་འཛིན་པ་ ""; 9) ཕུང་པོར་འཛིན་པ་ ""; 10) ཁམས་སུ་འཛིན་པ་ ""; 11) སྐྱེ་མཆེད་དུ་འཛིན་པ་ ""; 12) ཁམས་གསུམ་པོ་ལ་གནས་བྱར་འཛིན་པ་ ""; 13) དེ་དག་དོར་བྱར་འཛིན་པ་ ""; 14) སེམས་ཀུན་ཏུ་ཞུམ་པ་ ""; 15) སངས་ར…
ཉམས་སུ་ལེན་པ་
Transliteration: nyams su len pa
I. <verb> v.i. see ལེན་པ་ for verb tenses. "To gain experience in". Similar to སྒོམ་པ་ meaning to cultivate the mind through the practice of meditation and སྒྲུབ་པ་ meaning to practice meditation in order to accomplish some specific practice of meditation. These terms are not used randomly in Tibetan and hence should not all just be translated with the same word in English. Rather, each one…
ཚོགས་གསུམ་
Transliteration: tshogs gsum
I. <enum> "The three groups". A term from both grammar and Abhidharma. It refers to the three main groups of things which constitute the basic elements of language. [DGT] gives as: 1) མིང་གི་ཚོགས་ "group of names"; 2) ཚིག་གི་ཚོགས་ "group of phrases"; and 3) ཡི་གེའི་ཚོགས་ "group of letters".
II. <enum> "The three accumulations". Usually, the general Buddhist teachings speak of ཚོགས་གཉིས…
མྱ་ངན་ལས་འདས་པ་
Transliteration: mya ngan las 'das pa
I. <verb> Past of མྱ་ངན་ལས་འདའ་བ་.
II. <noun> "nirvāṇa". Translation of the Sanskrit "nirvāṇa". The result obtained by practising the Buddhist path through to its end which is the end of སྡུག་བསྔལ་ unsatisfactoriness. The result is defined in different ways in accordance with the particular Buddhist path that has been practiced and for this reason different types of nirvāṇa are disting…
གཟིགས་པ་ལྔ་
Transliteration: gzigs pa lnga
<enum> "The five observations". Buddha Śhākyamuni resided in Tuṣhitā heaven prior to taking birth in this world. He made five special observations concerning his birth in this world: the place where he would be born; the caste / family to be born in, the father, the mother, and the time to take birth. E.g., [OEE] གཟིགས་པ་རྣམ་པ་ལྔ་ལ་གཟིགས་ནས། བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའ་ལོ་བཅུ་གཉིས་ན་ཛམྦཱུའི་གླིང་དུ་གཤ…
ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྐུ་
Transliteration: chos kyi sku
<noun> "Dharma body" or "body of the dharma". Translation of the Sanskrit "dharmakāya". The mind aspect of a buddha. Kāya means aspect or body; dharma in this case means "reality" or "truth".
I. The dharmakāya not only sees reality as it is without a moment of any deludedness or covering whatsoever but sees/knows all things in their entirety. These two qualities of the dharmakāya, these two …
རྟེན་འབྲེལ་གྱི་ཡན་ལག་བཞི་
Transliteration: rten 'brel gyi yan lag bzhi
<phrase> "The four (sets of) branches / links of dependent relationship". The རྟེན་ཅིང་འབྲེལ་བར་འབྱུང་བའི་ཡན་ལག་བཅུ་གཉིས་ twelve links of dependent relationship can be summed into four groups as follows. There are two groups that are the performing of a function and two that are the result of that. [DGT] gives the four as:
ཤེས་བྱའི་སྒྲིབ་པ་
Transliteration: shes bya'i sgrib pa
<noun> "Knowables obscuration", "obscuration to knowables". Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "jñeyāvaraṇaṃ". One of the སྒྲིབ་པ་གཉིས་ "two obscurations" and སྒྲིབ་པ་བཞི་ "four obscurations". The Buddha summed up all of the factors that obscure the mind from seeing reality completely (i.e., which prevented it from the full awakening of buddhahood) into two groups; the first is ཉོན་མོངས་པའི་…
སངས་རྒྱས་
Transliteration: sangs rgyas
<noun> "Enlightened One". Translation of the Sanskrit [NDS] "buddha". The original Sanskrit is derived from "buddh" which has the sense of "understanding, complete illumination". The Tibetan term was created from the Sanskrit by the early Tibetan translators according to the meaning of the original Sanskrit rather than as a literal translation of the original. As [SKD] says, བུདྡྷ་སངས་པ་དང་…
ལུགས་འབྱུང་
Transliteration: lugs 'byung
<noun> "Forward order / forward progression" of a sequence of steps in a process that leads from causes to effects. This refers to the normal, forward progression through the sequence; the reverse progression is called ལུགས་ལྡོག་ q.v. The verbal construction is ལུགས་འབྱུང་སྐྱེ་བ་.
The རྟེན་ཅིང་འབྲེལ་བར་འབྱུང་བའི་ཚུལ་བཅུ་གཉིས་ twelve links of dependent, related arising have a forward and reve…
མངོན་པར་འདུ་བྱེད་པ་
Transliteration: mngon par 'du byed pa
I.་<verb> v.t. see བྱེད་པ་ for tense forms. Wit the phrase འདུ་བྱེད་པ་ meaning "to cause the formation of", the term མངོན་པར་ is an intensifier which adds the meaning "to really / actually cause the formation of". It is similar in meaning to the English phrase "to really make it happen. It has the sense of being fully involved with a specific activity. E.g., [HUC] ཡོངས་སུ་བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱའོ་སྙམ…
དགེ་བསྙེན་
Transliteration: dge bsnyen
<noun> "Layman". Translation of the Sanskrit "upāsaka". Note that the female is དགེ་བསྙེན་མ་ upāsika.
1) In the approach of the Lesser Vehicle of Buddhism, there are སོ་སོར་ཐར་པའི་རིགས་བདུན་ seven different types of person who follow the system of accepting personal vows as a way of following the path. The first levels are those of the layman, and laywoman. The term here is the male of the t…
སྒྲ་དབྱངས་
Transliteration: sgra dbyangs
<noun> "Spoken sound", "vocalization", etcetera. The term means སྐད་ཀྱི་སྒྲ་གདོན་པའི་དབྱངས་ "the tones (i.e. sounds) produced when the terms (words, etcetera) of language are evoked", i.e., verbalized sounds, vocalizations, the sounds of a speaking voice, etcetera.
This has often been translated as "melodious sound", "song", "melodious tone" but this is a misunderstanding of དབྱངས་. Here དབྱ…
སྲིད་པའི་འཁོར་ལོ་
Transliteration: srid pa'i 'khor lo
<noun> 1) In general Buddhist terminology, "The Wheel of Life". Translation of the Sanskrit "bhavanachakra". The wheel of life is a circular diagram showing འཁོར་བ་ cyclic existence and how it works. At the hub is a picture of a cock, pig, and snake, which represent the དུག་གསུམ་ three root afflictions that turn the wheel of སྲིད་པ་ existence. Around that, between the spokes of the wheel ra…
ཆུ་སྲིན་
Transliteration: chu srin
<noun> 1) Translation of the Sanskrit "makora"; (Tibetans usually say makara). In ancient India, a "makara" was a kind of crocodile-like monster said to inhabit very large oceans. However, it is not a crocodile. The animal's head is freq. used as one of the external ornaments on Tibetan Buddhist monasteries, usually being placed in all four corners of the roof, where it represents a force t…
མཐའ་བརྒྱད་
Transliteration: mtha' brgyad
<noun> "The eight extremes"; an extended version of མཐའ་བཞི་ "the four extremes". Like the "four extremes", it shows the main ways in which elaboration occurs but shows it as four pairs of opposites rather than two pairs of opposites. The eight extremes are: སྐྱེ་འགག་, རྟག་ཆད་, འགྲོ་འོང་, གཅིག་ཐ་དད་ "birth and cessation, permanence and nihilism, coming and going, singularity and multiplicit…
