THE ILLUMINATOR

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གཞན་དབང་ཅན་

Transliteration: gzhan dbang can

<phrase> 1) "Other-controlled" or "dependent". Generally meaning that which is controlled by or affected by some other agent, which is not independent of other influences; see གཞན་དབང་. 2) "Dependent". The name of one of two classes of what are called ཚིག་ཕྲད་ "phrase connectors" in Tibetan grammar q.v. for explanation.

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དོགས་

Transliteration: dogs

A basic intertsheg of the language with the meaning of something which does not seem right and which therefore provokes suspicion, concern, anxiety, apprehension, uncertainty, misgiving, worry. It is combined with various other མིང་ grammatical names or ཚིག་ཕྲད་ connectors to give words that contain its meaning e.g., དོགས་པ་.

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མིང་དང་བརྗོད་པ་

Transliteration: ming dang brjod pa

<phrase> "Name(s) and expression(s)". Grammar term. Grammatical མིང་ names are defined as the basic morphemes of the Tibetan language that serve just to show meaning. The བརྗོད་པ་ expressions of the language are defined as the meaningful expressions that come from a grammatical names and ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connectors being joined into complex entities that show meaning beyond just a grammatica…

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ཅི་ཞིག་

Transliteration: ci zhig

<ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> A compound connector with meaning similar to གང་ཞིག་ "something (etc.)" but having the restrictive rather than general sense. It means "(the or a particular) one which", "some particular thing", "one which". In English this restrictive sense is not observed in the same way as it is in Tibetan. Therefore, although one should make the effor to translate it in the r…

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གྱི་

Transliteration: gyi

I. <ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector><case connector> One of the group of five connectors ཀྱི་, གི་, གྱི་, འི་, and ཡི་ that have case function. These connectors are used to indicate the sixth Tibetan case called འབྲེལ་བ་ "connection". When any of them are in actual use as a connector that shows this case function, they are called འབྲེལ་བའི་སྒྲ་ "connective terms" q.v.

Placement: The connecto…

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ཐེ་ཚོམ་ལ་འཇུག་པའི་ན་

Transliteration: the tshom la 'jug pa'i na

<phrase> "Na used to show doubt". The grammatical name for the ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector ན་ in its specific usage of showing the sense "if", "were it to be", etc. E.g., འགྲོ་ན་ཡག་པོ་འདུག། "it is good if you go" or "were you to go, it would be good".

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གིན་

Transliteration: gin

I. <ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> One of a group of three ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connectors; the other two connectors are ཀྱིན་ and གྱིན་.

Placement: all three are གཞན་དབང་ཅན་ dependent connectors which are placed according to the rules of the ཨི་ལྡན་མཐུན་པའི་སྒྲ་ "terms having the vowel i which are in harmony" i.e., the connectors ཀྱི་, གི་, and གྱི་. This connector is placed following the rules for …

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ཟླ་

Transliteration: zla

A basic intertsheg of the Tibetan language with the meaning of a partnering body, a satellite, a companion body. It is combined with various other མིང་ grammatical names or ཚིག་ཕྲད་ connectors to give words that contain its meaning e.g., ཟླ་བོ་ a human partner such as a spouse, དཀའ་ངལ་ and ཟླ་བ་ the moon of the earth or any other planet.

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དྲན་

Transliteration: dran

I. A basic intertsheg of the language with the general sense of bringing something to mind. It is combined with various other མིང་ grammatical names or ཚིག་ཕྲད་ connectors to give words that contain its meaning e.g., དྲན་པ་ q.v.
II. <verb> Imp. of v.i. དྲན་པ་ q.v. e.g., "remember!", "recollect!", "think!".

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རྒྱན་སྡུད་ཀྱི་སྒྲ་

Transliteration: rgyan sdud kyi sgra

<noun> "Ornament-inclusion term(s)". The name given in grammar to any of the group of three ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connectors that mark the meaning རྒྱན་སྡུད་ "ornament-inclusion" when they are actually in place and functioning. See ཀྱང་ for the grammatical definition of the three and see རྒྱན་སྡུད་ "ornament-inclusion" for the explanation of their function.

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གཙོ་

Transliteration: gtso

I. A basic intertsheg of the language with the sense of "chief", "principal", "main / most important person / thing / etc.". It is combined with various other མིང་ grammatical names or ཚིག་ཕྲད་ connectors to give words that contain its meaning e.g., གཙོ་བོ་ q.v.
II. Common abbrev. of གཙོ་བོ་ e.g., in གཙོ་ཕལ་ q.v.

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འགལ་

Transliteration: 'gal

A basic intertsheg of the language with the meaning "contrary, contradiction, in opposition to, be against, violate". It is combined with various other མིང་ grammatical names or ཚིག་ཕྲད་ connectors to give words that contain its meaning. E.g., the verb འགལ་བ་. E.g., ཆོས་འགལ་ "(our actions run) contrary to the Dharma"; བཀའ་དང་འགལ་ "go against or violate the command".

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རང་དབང་ཅན་

Transliteration: rang dbang can

<adj>phrase> 1) "Self-controlled", "independent", "autonomous". Generally meaning that which is not controlled by or affected some other agent, which is independent of other influences; see རང་དབང་. 2) "Independent". The name of one of two classes of what are called ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connectors in Tibetan grammar q.v. for explanation.

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གི་

Transliteration: gi

I. <ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector><case connector> One of the group of five connectors ཀྱི་, གི་, གྱི་, འི་, and ཡི་ that have case function. These connectors are used to indicate the sixth Tibetan case called འབྲེལ་བ་ "connection". When any of them are in actual use as a connector that shows this case function, they are called འབྲེལ་བའི་སྒྲ་ "connective terms" q.v.

Placement: The connecto…

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གྲོགས་

Transliteration: grogs

A basic intertsheg of the Tibetan language with the primary meaning of a person who accompanies and the secondary meaning of a person who assists. It is combined with various other མིང་ grammatical names or ཚིག་ཕྲད་ connectors to give words that contain its meaning e.g., གྲོགས་པོ་ friend, companion. Note the term རོགས་པ་ has the primary sense of helper.

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ཞིབ་

Transliteration: zhib

A basic intertsheg of the Tibetan language. In Tibetan, it is glossed as having the sense of "minute", "fine", "in detail" as opposed to gross, coarse, rough, superficial. It is combined with various other མིང་ grammatical names or ཚིག་ཕྲད་ connectors to give words that contain its meaning e.g., ཞིབ་འགྲེལ་ "a detailed commentary" and ཞིབ་ཏུ་ "minutely", "in detail", "finely" q.v.

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གག་

Transliteration: gag

I. [Old] <ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> 1) Acc. [LGK] and [ULS] this term was used in the བརྡ་རྙིང་ old signs prior to the first language revision; after the revision it was standardized to the སྤྱི་སྒྲ་ pervading generality གང་ q.v.
II. <noun> Abbrev. of the name of the disease གག་པ་ "blockage" q.v.

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སམ་

Transliteration: sam

<ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> One of a group of eleven connectors in grammar.

Placement: The group are ཕྲད་གཞན་དབང་ཅན་ dependent connectors. When one of these connectors is required, the appropriate one must be chosen from the group. The appropriate one depends on the ending letter of the preceding word. If the preceding word ends in letter ས་, this connector སམ་ must be used.

Meaning: This gro…

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མམ་

Transliteration: mam

<ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> One of a group of eleven connectors in grammar.

Placement: The group are ཕྲད་གཞན་དབང་ཅན་ dependent connectors. When one of these connectors is required, the appropriate one must be chosen from the group. The appropriate one depends on the ending letter of the preceding word. If the preceding word ends in letter མ་, this connector མམ་ must be used.

Meaning: This gro…

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ཀོ་

Transliteration: ko

I. [Old] <ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> which was used for the same two purposes as the phrase connector ནི་ q.v. which is used instead of it now. Thus it is a དགར་དང་བརྣན་པའི་སྒྲ་ "term of segregation and stress" q.v. Mostly seen in constructions like འདི་ཀོ་ meaning འདི་ནི་, etc.
II. <noun> Abbrev. of ཀོ་བ་ "leather".

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གཞིས་

Transliteration: gzhis

1) A basic intertsheg of the Tibetan language that has the meaning "one's own place", "a settled area or place", "civilization". It is combined with various other མིང་ grammatical names or ཚིག་ཕྲད་ connectors to give words that contain its meaning e.g., གཞིས་ཆགས་ "settlement" q.v. 2) <noun> Meaning one's own place, where one is settled and would return to. E.g., see གཞིས་བྱེས་.

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དྭངས་

Transliteration: dvangs

I. A basic intertsheg of the language with the meaning of the pure / clean / clear portion of something as opposed to the impure / contaminated / unclear portion. It is combined with various other མིང་ grammatical names or ཚིག་ཕྲད་ connectors to give words that contain its meaning e.g., དྭངས་ཆ་, དྭངས་མ་, དྭངས་པ་ q.v.
II. <verb> Part of དྭངས་པ་ q.v.

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སྟབས་

Transliteration: stabs

I. A basic intertsheg of the Tibetan language. In Tibetan, it is glossed as having the sense of ཐབས་ and ཚུལ་ q.v. It refers to the "way" or "style" or "manner" in which something is done or happens. It is combined with various other མིང་ grammatical names or ཚིག་ཕྲད་ connectors to give words that contain its meaning e.g., སྟབས་ཀ་ and སྟབས་ལེགས་ q.v.
II. <ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> 1) Placed…

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གསལ་

Transliteration: gsal

A basic intertsheg of the Tibetan language with the two basic senses of the English "explicit" and "clear". It is used for these two separate meanings: 1) "manifestly obvious", "explicit"; and 2) "unobscured" i.e., "clear". It is combined with various other མིང་ grammatical names or ཚིག་ཕྲད་ connectors to give words that contain these meanings e.g., གསལ་བ་, གསལ་བཤད་ q.v.

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རྒྱ་ལ་

Transliteration: rgya la

1) Either "one time" meaning on one occasion or "several times" meaning several times over. 2) <ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> Used to indicate the opening of a conditional statement "if ... then" statement. It has the same meaning as གལ་ཏེ་ or གལ་སྲིད་. E.g., [GSB] རྒྱ་ལ་བར་དོར་སྐྱེ་བ་མ་དག་ན་་་ "If it has not purified birth in the bardo..."

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