THE ILLUMINATOR

Tibetan-English
Encyclopaedic Dictionary

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འཁྱོག་པ་
Transliteration: 'khyog pa
<verb> v.i. འཁྱོགས་པ་/ འཁྱོག་པ་/ འཁྱོག་པ་//. 1) "To be crooked", not straight. There are many terms for this in English, depending on the context. E.g., [TC] ལུས་འཁྱོགས་ནས་སྡོད་པ། "sat there with his body bent / hunched over / or twisted up"; འཁྱོག་ཙམ། "a bit crooked"; འགྲོ་སྟངས་ཕར་ཚུར་འཁྱོགས་ནས་སོང་བ། "he wended his way around / went by a winding path / made his way by a tortuous route"; ག…

ཡང་
Transliteration: yang
I. <ཚིག་ཕྲད་ phrase connector> One of three རྐྱེན་ circumstances of the functions listed below. The three are ཀྱང་, འང་, and ཡང་.
Placement: The group are ཕྲད་གཞན་དབང་ཅན་ dependent connectors. When one of these connectors is required, the appropriate one must be chosen from the group. The appropriate one depends on the མིང་མཐའ་ ending letter of the preceding word. If the preceding word ends …


རྗེན་པ་
Transliteration: rjen pa
<adj> Acc. [ULS] and [LGK] this term was revised during the སྐད་གསར་བཅད་ language revisions and meant, when written in new signs, གཅེར་བུ་ or རྐྱང་པ་; see below. 1) Like གཅེར་བུ་ meaning to be bare, without any coverings. E.g., ལུས་རྗེན་པ་ "a bare body". This term is very commonly used in the higher tantras when discussing the practice of meditation. E.g., གནས་ལུགས་རྗེན་པར་མཐོང་བ་ "to see r…

དཔོག་པ་
Transliteration: dpog pa
<verb> v.t. དཔགས་པ་/ དཔོག་པ་/ དཔག་པ་/ དཔོགས་/. Meaning "to assess" i.e., to use the mind to take the measure of something not directly knowable through the senses. In fact, this term refers to knowing by inference e.g., the term for inferential reasoning is རྗེས་སུ་དཔགས་པ་ (lit. "what follows from performing an assessment"). Therefore in cases this term can be "to infer". It is used general…

ཐུགས་རྗེ་
Transliteration: thugs rje
<noun> 1) [Hon] of སྙིང་རྗེ་ "compassion". 2) In the compound ཐུགས་རྗེ་ཆེ་ "thank you". E.g., སེམས་ཀྱི་གཏིང་ནས་ཐུགས་རྗེ་ཆེ་ཞུ་བ། "to thank from the depths of the heart". 3) "Compassionate activity". A རྫོགས་པ་ཆེན་པོ་ Great Completion term. In Great Completion this term has a special meaning. It is the innate, dynamic quality of the essence of mind which appears to sentient beings as activit…

སྙིང་སྟོབས་
Transliteration: snying stobs
<noun> 1) "Determination", "fortitude", "determined courage" as the quality of a person e.g., ཁོ་ལ་སྙིང་སྟོབས་ཆེན་པོ་འདུག "he has great determination". This is regarded as a very great quality amongst Tibetans; it is the quality of going ahead and finding a way, no matter what. Note that it does not mean "heart-felt determination". Rather, it means having a very deep strength and courage, a…

ལས་འཕྲོ་
Transliteration: las 'phro
I. <noun> "Remaining work", "rest of the work" meaning the remaining work of a job that is only partially complete.
II. <noun> "Karmic fortune", "fortunate karmic connection". Meaning a ripening now of good karmic that has been planted in the past. Here the འཕྲོ་ means, that which has "come about" from a good karmic seed planted before.
A number of dictionaries and glossaries published …

རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་དྲུག་
Transliteration: rnam par shes pa drug
<phrase> "The six consciousnesses" meaning the six types of རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་ consciousness that arise in conjunction with the six kinds of objects and the six sensory-powers. They are the consciousnesses corresponding to the: 1) མིག་ eye; 2) རྣ་བ་ ear; 3) སྣ་ nose; 4) ལྕེ་ tongue; 5) ལུས་ body; and 6) ཡིད་ mind senses. Thus they are [KPC]: 1) མིག་གི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་ "eye consciousness"; 2) རྣ་བའི…

རྗེས་གནང་
Transliteration: rjes gnang
<noun> form of the verb phrase རྗེས་སུ་གནང་བ་. A general term for consent given from one person or group to another person or group, allowing them to go ahead and do some particular thing or activity. 1) In general, "permission", "authorization", "leave", "consent", "assent". 2) "Permission", "authorization". Used in Buddhist secret mantra as the name for a specific style of empowerment. It…

རྣམ་རྒྱལ་
Transliteration: rnam rgyal
<noun> form of རྣམ་པར་རྒྱལ་བ་ q.v. "Complete victory", "triumph". Translation of the Sanskrit "vijaya". Often used as a part of a name of a person or place. 1) i) The kind of victory in which one completely overwhelms all inimical forces. ii) A common name both in India and Tibet. It has the sense that a person who will go from one height to another, that their life will be a process of get…

གཟུགས་མེད་ཀྱི་ཁམས་
Transliteration: gzugs med kyi khams
<phrase> "Formless realm". Translation of the Sanskrit "arūpyadhātu". This is the highest of the ཁམས་གསུམ་ three realms comprising འཁོར་བ་ cyclic existence. It is called the "formless realm" because it does not contain any of the external coarse or subtle material form of the two realms below it. However, it is comprised of a very subtle mental form and the beings there are attached to it. …

མདོ་ཀུན་ལས་བཏུས་པ་
Transliteration: mdo kun las btus pa
<noun> "Compendium of Sūtras". Translation of the Sanskrit "sūtrasammucaya". The name of a text whose colophon indicates that it is written by ཀླུ་སྒྲུབ་ Nāgārjuna though learned Tibetans often ascribe it to ཞི་བ་ལྷ་ Śhāntideva. The text is a compendium of advice drawn from the sūtras regarding the conduct of བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའ་ bodhisatvas. Translated by the Indian Preceptors ཛི་ན་མི་ཏྲ་ Jin…

གོ་མ་འགག་པ་
Transliteration: go ma 'gag pa
I. <verb> v.i. see འགག་པ་ for tense forms. Part of the unique terminology of རྫོགས་པ་ཆེན་པོ་ Great Completion teachings. It describes a specific aspect of the way that appearance shines forth from dharmatā. It is glossed in two ways in Tibetan: 1) འཆར་དུ་རུང་བ་འམ་འཆར་རྒྱུའི་གོ་སྐབས་ཡོད་པ་ཡིན། "(the appearance) could shine forth or has the opportunity to shine forth"; and 2) འཆར་རྒྱུའི་གོ་འཕ…

ཡོན་ཏན་ཐམས་ཅད་འགྲུབ་པའི་བསམ་གཏན་
Transliteration: yon tan thams cad 'grub pa'i bsam gtan
<name> "The meditative absorption of all good qualities being accomplished", the name of the second of the three divisions of meditative absorption in the paramita of meditation. Longchen explains it as: དགེ་བ་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པ་དྲུག་ལ་སོགས་པ་བསྒྲུབ་དུས་སེམས་རྩེ་གཅིག་པའི་ཆའི་བསམ་གཏན་ཡིན་ནོ། "The meditative absorption that is the factor of one-pointed mind in the accomplishment of virtue such a…

ཕྱི་སྣོད་
Transliteration: phyi snod
<phrase> Lit. "the outer container". One of a pair of terms; it contrasts with ནང་བཅུད་ "the inner contents". 1) "Outer vessel" or "vessel outside" or "external vessel". Generally meaning a vessel as opposed to ནང་བཅུད་ the content which is inside it. E.g., a jug of beer where the jug is the container outside and the beer is the content inside. E.g., the torma vessel which is the outer cont…

བྲམ་ཟེ་
Transliteration: bram ze
<noun> "Brahmin". Tibetan corruption of the Indian "brāhmana", meaning a member of Brahmin caste of Hinduism.
[LGK] Says that this is corrupted Sanskrit བྲཱ་ཧྨ་ཎཿ meaning ཚངས་པ་ལས་བྱུང་བ་ "come from Brahma" and which is sometimes mistaken as an བརྡ་རྙིང་ old sign of Tibetan language.
Note that there are several related words in Sanskrit. 1) "brahman", is the noun (neuter, sometimes considered…

ཉེ་བའི་སྲས་བརྒྱད་
Transliteration: nye ba'i sras brgyad
<phrase> "The eight close sons". This is the term used to mean the eight heart sons, the བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའ་སེམས་དཔའ་ཆེན་པོ་ bodhisatva mahāsattvas who were the closest bodhisatva sons of the Buddha. [DGT] gives as: 1) འཇམ་དབྱངས་ "Mañjuśhrī"; 2) སྤྱན་རས་གཟིགས་ "Avalokiteśhvara"; 3) ཕྱག་ན་རྡོ་རྗེ་ "Vajrapāṇi"; 4) ས་ཡི་སྙིང་པོ་ "Kṣhitigarbha"; 5) སྒྲིབ་པ་རྣམ་པར་སེལ་བ་ "Nirvāraṇaviṣhkambī"; 6) ན…

ངོམས་པ་
Transliteration: ngoms pa
I. <verb> Past of v.t. ངོམ་པ་ q.v.
II. <verb> v.i. ངོམས་པ་/ ངོམས་པ་/ ངོམས་པ་//. "To be satisfied" in the sense of have one's desire or need quenched / satiated. In some cases, "to be enough" is more suitable. E.g., [MDR] དགེ་བ་འདོད་པ་ཅན་གྱིས་ནོར་རྫས་གསོག་པ་ལྟར་ངོམས་པ་མེད་པར་དལ་མེད་དུ་གསོག་དགོས། "you must accumulate virtue like those who want material things, not being satisfied with wh…

རྣམ་པར་འབྱེད་པ་
Transliteration: rnam par 'byed pa
I. <verb> v.t. see འབྱེད་པ་ for tense forms. "To dissect / analyze a subject fully". Also, to analyze and differentiate between two or more things. Note that this and its noun forms refer to the process of making distinctions; they are not the names of the mental events that do the analysis necessary to make the distinctions—for that see རྣམ་པར་དཔྱོད་པ་ "fine analysis.
II. <gerundial>p…

ལྷང་ངེ་
Transliteration: lhang nge
<adj> [Exp] An མྱོང་ཚིག་ experiential language term. It is generally used to indicate the experience of the obviousness of something in perception. It has the sense of something sitting up and hence sticking out from everything else. In the ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོ་ Mahāmudrā and རྫོགས་པ་ཆེན་པོ་ Great Completion teachings, it is specifically used to describe a certain experience in the state of medit…

གླང་པོ་ཆེ་
Transliteration: glang po che
<noun> The animal "elephant". Translation of the Sanskrit "hasti". Freq. abbrev. to གླང་ཆེན་. The elephant is one of ཁྲི་དྲུག་འགྱོགས་ "supports of the six thrones" q.v. In Ancient Indian literature, and in Tibetan literature following it, there were many allegorical names for an elephant; [TC] gives a partial list: འཁོར་ལོའི་རྐང་; མཆེ་བ་སྟོབས་ལྡན་; གཉིས་འཐུང་; སྟོབས་ལྡན་; ཐིག་ལེ་ཅན་; ནགས་ཚལ…

ཆིངས་
Transliteration: chings
I. <verb> Imp. of འཆིང་བ་ q.v.
II. <noun> 1) A "document" of any kind, e.g. a document presesnting a binding agreement between parties such as "a contract" or "a treaty (between nations", and so on. 2) i) A document that lists the main points involved in something. ii) A document that presents the outlines or subject headings of a text, which is generally referred to with སྡོམ་ཚིག་གི་ཆ…

གཏུམ་པ་
Transliteration: gtum pa
I. <verb> v.t. བཏུམས་པ་/ གཏུམ་པ་/ གཏུམ་པ་/ ཐུམས་/. "To wrap" or "to wrap up" and in some cases, "to encase" meaning to wrap something around with something else so as to protect it (unlike དཀྲི་བ་ which is to wrap something around to bind it). E.g., [TC] མགོ་བོ་གོས་ཀྱིས་བཏུམས་ཏེ་བསྡད་འདུག "he wrapped his head with his clothes and sat there (a way of keeping the sun of one's head which is im…

ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པ་
Transliteration: pha rol tu phyin pa
I. <verb> Past of ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་འགྲོ་བ་ meaning "to have gone across to the other side".
II. <noun> Translation of the Sanskrit "pāramitā" meaning "gone across to the other side". Because of the imagery often used by the Buddha of travelling to the other side of the ocean of cyclic existence, often translated as "gone to the other shore". The term is used to define the actions of a bodhisat…

ཨ་ཝ་དྷཱུ་ཏི་པ་
Transliteration: aa wa dh'u ti pa
<noun> "Avadhūtipa". Translit. of the Sanskrit "avadhūtipa". 1) An epithet of the Indian mahāsiddha, མཻ་ཏྲི་པ་ Maitripa, one of the gurus to མར་པ་ལོ་ཙཱ་བ་ Marpa the Translator and a master renowned for his understanding of the view. 2) General name for someone who practices the གསང་སྔགས་རྡོ་རྗེ་ཐེག་པ་ secret mantra vajra vehicle; such a person conducts their life not from the normal worldly…